摘要：随着我国社会的快速发展，各个地方都开始发展城市轨道交通和地下工程。现阶段主要的施工方法有盾构法、明挖法等等。盾构法对环境的影响较小，施工的劳动强度不高，不会影响到地面的交通和设施的正常使用。其次盾构法还有抗地震效果好、适应地层范围广等优点。因此盾构法也比明挖法使用的更广泛。随着盾构设备的飞速发展，盾构法施工的种类也是多种多样。盾构法应用的一百多年来，因盾构选型不当引起的事故屡见不鲜，轻微的会出现切削面出水、地表沉降和塌陷等事故，严重的甚至整条隧道报废停工。因此使用盾构法修建隧道的关键是进行盾构选型，所选择的盾构类型与地层的适应性是否良好将直接影响能否顺利施工。本文以深圳地铁七号线为例，对七号线区间段的地层进行分析和计算，对几种不同的盾构施工方法进行比较，最后依据对应区间的工程地质进行盾构选型。分析和总结复合地层地铁区间隧道盾构选型技术，为其他在复合地层的盾构选型提供参考。

关键词： 复合地层；盾构选型；

The technology of shield structure selection for the tunnel in the composite stratum subway interval

Abstract: With the rapid development of our country’s society, urban rail transit and underground engineering have begun to develop in various places. Its main application methods include shield method, open excavation method and so on. The shield method has the advantages of small environmental impact, low labor intensity at construction, no impact on ground transportation and facilities, good anti-seismic effect, and wide adaptability to the strata. Therefore, the application of the shield method is more extensive than the open-cut method. With the rapid development of shield equipment, the types of shield construction are also varied. In the more than one hundred years since the shield method was applied, accidents caused by inappropriate shield selection have been commonplace. Minor accidents such as effluent from the cutting surface, subsidence and collapse of the surface have occurred, and even the entire tunnel has been scrapped and stopped. Therefore, the key to using the shield method to build a tunnel is to carry out shield selection. Whether the selection is correct or not will directly affect the success or failure of the construction. This article takes Shenzhen Metro Line No. 7 as an example, analyzes and calculates the stratum in the section of No. 7 line, compares and analyzes several kinds of shield construction methods, and finally selects the shield type according to the engineering geology of the corresponding interval. Analyze and summarize the selection technology of tunnel shield tunneling in the composite stratum, and provide reference for the selection of tunneling shields in composite strata.

Keywords:  Composite formation; Selection of the shield

目录

1 盾构工法的分类及应用 1

1.1 盾构机概述 1

1.2盾构机分类 3

1.2.1 全开放式盾构 3

1.2.2 部分开放式盾构 3

1.2.3 密封式盾构 4

1.2.4 盾构不同工作原理详细分类表 5

1.3全敞式盾构机 5

1.3.1 人工式盾构机 6

1.3.2半机械式盾构机 6

1.3.3机械式盾构机 7

1.4挤压盾构 8

1.4.1挤压盾构工作原理 8

1.4.2挤压盾构适用地层 8

1.4.3挤压盾构优缺点 9

1.5泥水平衡盾构机 9

1.5.1泥水平衡盾构机工作原理 9

1.5.2工作模式 10

1.6土压平衡盾构 11

1.6.1土压平衡盾构工作原理 11

1.6.2 土压平衡盾构工作模式 12

2 盾构选型的目的和原则 13

2.1盾构选型的目的 13

2.2盾构选型的原则 14

3.工程地质及其引起的盾构掘进问题分析 14

3.1工程地质条件 14

3.1.1工程概况 15

3.1.2地质条件 15

3.2工程地质引起的盾构掘进问题及分析 15