摘要：在改革开放特别是十八大以来，国家逐渐加强了对环境的保护力度，提出了“绿水青山就是金山银山”等一系列口号。铁路尤其是中国的高铁已经成为中国经济快速发展的一张名片；但铁路站垃圾系统没有跟上快速发展的步伐，在铁路站乘客将垃圾丢在普通垃圾桶，但由于这种垃圾桶任何人甚至是动物都可以随意打开，随意翻动垃圾，这不仅影响市容、污染空气，严重者可能会传播病毒，这些问题急需解决。

工业4.0是自主化、智能化的时代，新技术在这个时期得到联合与发展，比如互联网、云计算等。得到更广泛的应用还有传统自动化的重要设备，如PLC等。在工业4.0时代，PLC在新技术里面将会得到更加全面的运用和发展。将PLC技术运用到铁路新型智能垃圾站有着广阔的前景。

关键词：铁路站垃圾站；PLC；UGNX；仿真

Design of Intelligent garbage Station system for Railway Station based on PLC

Abstract: Since the reform and opening up, especially18th Party Congress of China, the state has paid more and more attention to the protection of the environment and put forward a series of slogans, such as "Beautiful scenery is the gold and silver mines" and so on. And railways, especially high-speed rail in China, have become a business card for China's rapid economic growth; But the rail station garbage system didn't keep up with the rapid development, and passengers at the railway station threw the rubbish in the ordinary garbage bin, but because of this trash can, anyone, even animals, can open at will and turn over the rubbish at will. It not only affects the city, pollutes the air, but also spreads the virus, a problem that needs to be addressed.

 Industry 4.0 is the era of intelligence, automation, the Internet, cloud computing and other new technologies in the industry 4.0 to get the integration of PLC as the traditional automation of the key equipment will be more widely used. The emergence of new technology will make PLC develop more intelligently and modularly. The gene of PLC will be more and more abundant, and the technology of PLC will be developed rapidly in the industry 4.0 era. It has broad prospect to apply PLC technology to the new intelligent garbage station of railway station.

Key words: Railway Garbage Station；PLC；UG NX；Simulation

目录

1绪论 1

1.1论文研究的背景和意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

1.2.1基于PLC铁路站智能垃圾站系统的国内研究现状 1

1.2.2基于PLC铁路站智能垃圾站系统的国外研究现状 2

1.3发展趋势 3

1.4论文研究的主要内容 3

2UG软件、PLC编程及传感器的理论介绍 5

2.1UG软件理论 5

2.1.1UG软件简介 5

2.1.2UG的特征建模与参数造型 6

2.1.3UG运动仿真过程 7

2.2PLC控制系统理论 9

2.2.1PLC概述 9

2.2.2PLC的选型理论 12

2.3传感器相关理论 14

2.3.1传感器理论 14

2.3.2行程开关理论 16

2.4本章小节 17

3铁路垃圾站UG建模 18

3.1装配模型与装配建模 18

3.1.1装配模型 18

3.1.2装配建模 18

3.2垃圾桶建模实例 19

3.3本章小结 24

4PLC控制系统程序设计 25

4.1梯形图的编写 25

4.2软件仿真 27

4.3本章小结 29

5总结与展望 30

5.1总结 30

5.2展望 30

致谢 31

参考文献 32

附录1 33

1绪论

1.1论文研究的背景和意义

多年来，铁路站垃圾一直是国内外关注的焦点。从上世纪80、90年代铁路沿线白色垃圾污染到目前高铁全封闭列车的垃圾收集和清理，铁路车站垃圾污染明显改善。但是无论哪个时期，何种形式，车站垃圾处理总是有一定的问题。

为了提高垃圾的回收利用效率，垃圾须经过适当的回收和处理。在垃圾收集和运输中，涉及收集工具和设备的选择和配置，运输过程和时间的优化，人员的安排等。人们应该有良好的生活质量、生活习惯和环保意识，尽量减少垃圾，减少垃圾对生活环境和垃圾处理成本的影响。