摘  要：伴随着计算机网络技术的急速发展，社会对模拟信号的处理的速率等要求已经变得越来越高。所以越来越多的数据采集及处理系统已经被科学家研究。随着研究的深入，数据采集及处理系统在生活中也被应用的越来越多。更何况在工业和机械工程中对其系统的要求越来越高。所以高精度高速度的系统才是主流。

在本文中设计的系统是利用FPGA芯片做的，它的特点是速度高，结构简单以及多样性。在这个系统中FPGA是整个系统的核心芯片。它承载着控制和处理信息的功能，它对信息进行接收传输并且最终将其传输到电脑终端里去，有电脑终端进行处理信息并给出下一步动作。

此系统的设计方案主要分为俩个方面：一个是硬件设计，另一个是软件设计。在硬件设计中主要处理的是电源模块和存储模块以及传输系统；在软件设计中主要是利用Verilog HDL来完成对FPGA芯片的控制和处理。

在完成软件和硬件设计之后，将他们联合成一个整体，并进行调试，通过测量系统的采集和处理速度来确定系统的优良性。此系统在目前因为其特有的便捷性、实用性广等特点，它的前景是一片光明的。

关键词：FPGA  数据采集  FIFO  USB  LabVIEW

Abstract：Along with the rapid development of computer technology and the growth of micro electronic technology, the digital processing of analog signal using continuous already exists in all areas of life to scientific research, production, and application of data acquisition and processing system in life will become more and more popular in industry. The requirement of data acquisition system becomes high so, scientific research, and therefore acquisition system have higher acquisition accuracy and speed of the more popular.

By using the programmable gate array of high speed, high density and light design features, planning a high-speed data collection system based on FPGA, this system uses FPGA as the control center of the whole system and a handle to the AD transition of the data center, first save and transmit, finally transmitted to the computer by USB2.0 bus processing analysis and display.FPGA can improve the stability of the system, the volume of the equipment is reduced.

The acquisition system scheme in this paper is pided into two parts, one is the hardware design of a software design. The hardware design includes power supply circuit, FIFO storage module, AD sampling control circuit and USB interface circuit analysis and planning; software design includes the use of Verilog HDL language to complete the sequence control of FPGA using Lab and VIEW the design of the host computer interface, accept and display the collected data message.

The hardware and software together to achieve a complete system test and debugging, use it to show the accuracy rate and acquisition system with the design target. The system has the advantages of small volume, easy to carry, and can be applied in the industry communication, medical and other fields, and has a very high price prospects are also common.

Keywords ：FPGA  Data acquisition  FIFO  Universal Serial Bus  LabVIEW

目录

摘  要 I

Abstract II

目录 III

1 绪论 1

1.1发展背景和意义 1

1.2国内外发展现状 2

1.3课题内容 3

1.4 本章小结 3

2 数据采集系统的总体设计方案 4

2.1数据采集理论分析 4

2.2系统总体方案设计和性能指标 5

2.3 本章小结 6

3 数据采集系统的硬件设计 7

3.1信号调理电路 7

3.2数据转换电路 9

3.3 FPGA设计 11

3.4 USB接口电路设计 13

3.5电源设计 14

3.6本章小结 16

4 数据采集系统的软件设计 17

4.1 Verilog HDL设计 17

4.2 68013固件编程 20

4.3 LabVIEW设计流程图 22