摘要:TIG焊作为传统的铝合金焊接方法经常采用氩气作为保护气体，这种焊接方法焊接速度比较慢，生产效率低，生产成本高。怎样提高铝合金的焊接速度并保持良好的焊缝成形，节省焊接成本是本试验的主要目的。本试验以1.5mm厚的1060系纯铝作为焊接母材，焊接接头形式为对接，采用氦气作为保护气体进行焊接。在试验过程中，以高速焊接为出发点，通过控制单一变量，改变不同的焊接参数，如焊接电流、焊接速度、钨极端部的几何形状等研究这些参数对高速焊接的焊缝成形有何影响，初步确定高速焊焊接参数的最佳范围。

试验结果表明，采用氦气作为保护气体进行TIG时，可以显著的提高焊接速度，并且焊缝成形较为美观。焊接电流、焊接速度、钨极端部的几何形状等对焊缝成形影响显著。当焊接电流为145A，焊接速度为3.8m/min时，可以得到较为理想的焊缝。该试验还对氦弧焊和氩弧焊的焊接成本进行了简单的比较，结果表明，氦弧焊焊接铝合金可以大幅的降低焊接成本。

对于这一全新的焊接方向，许多焊接参数对焊缝成型的影响尚未得到详细的研究，因此，对铝合金高速氦弧焊的研究还需更进一步。

关键词：TIG；铝合金；氦气；高速焊

Abstract:TIG welding, as a traditional aluminum alloy welding methods, often uses argon as a protective gas ,but this welding method can not weld alloy aluminum quickly, thus the production efficient is low, and the costs is high. How to improve the welding speed of aluminum alloy and maintain good weld forming, saving welding costs is the main purpose of this test.

This test uses 1.5mm thick 1060 Department of pure aluminum as a welding base metal, and the welded joint form is docking, using helium as a protective gas for welding. In the course of the test, the influence of these parameters on the weld formation of high-speed welding is studied by controlling the single variable and changing the welding parameters such as welding current, welding speed and geometrical shape of the tungsten end. The initial range of high-speed welding parameters to determine the best.

The results show that when uses helium as a protective gas for TIG welding, we can improve the welding speed significantly, and the weld shape is more beautiful. According to the test, welding current, welding speed, tungsten end of the geometric shape play important role on weld forming . When the welding current is 145A, the welding speed is 3.8m / min, it can get the ideal weld seam. We also compared the welding cost of helium arc welding between argon arc welding. The results show that helium arc welding of aluminum alloy can greatly reduce the welding cost.

For this new welding direction, the influence of many welding parameters on the weld forming has not been studied in detail, so the research of the high speed helium arc welding of aluminum alloy needs to be further studied.

Keywords: TIG; Aluminum alloy; Helium Gas ; High  speed  welding

目录

第一章绪论 1

1.1实验目的及意义 1

1.2铝合金高速氦弧焊的难点分析 2

1.2.1铝合金导热系数大 2

1.2.2气孔问题 2

1.2.3铝合金焊接变形剧烈 3

1.3铝合金TIG焊的研究现状 3

1.3.1氩弧焊研究现状 3

1.3.2氦弧焊研究现状 5

1.4铝合金其他焊接方法的研究现状 6

1.5试验目的 9

第二章试验材料、设备及方法 11

2.1试验材料 11

2.1.1试验材料成分、性能 11

2.1.2试验接头的形式 11

2.2焊接设备 11

2.3试验焊接方法 13

2.4设备简介 13

2.5测试分析 14

第三章氦气保护的铝合金高速TIG焊接研究 15

3.1铝合金高速氦弧焊的理论依据 15

3.1.1氦弧焊接热输入与氩弧焊接热输入比较 15

3.1.2氦弧与氩弧的电弧形态比较 16