乙醛缩合法制年产24万吨乙酸乙酯的工艺设计

本次设计就脱乙醛塔而言,其塔体压力为常压,回流比R=3。计算所得塔板数一共55块,塔高为12.2m。


设计说明书:

 目前,在国内外市场中,乙酸乙酯的需求量在不断且大幅度地增长。如今人类越发关注保护环境,而在涂料油墨的生产中使用高档溶剂是大势所趋,所以乙酸乙酯作为一种高档溶剂,在国内外的应用能够得到持续且稳定的增长。建筑汽车等行业的迅速发展将带动对乙酸乙酯类溶剂的需求。

 本课题是通过乙醛缩合法来生产乙酸乙酯,此工艺具有反应条件温和、原料消耗少、工艺简单和设备腐蚀率小等优点。因而此工艺在生产成本方面具有相对优势,同时也较为绿色环保以及经济合理。

 乙酸乙酯,别名醋酸乙酯,因为它具有良好的溶解性能以及快干性能,现如今已被广泛应用于有机化工、香料香精等行业,已经成为一种非常重要的精细化工类原料。近年来,乙酸乙酯的工业生产方法已逐渐趋于成熟,而乙醛缩合法因其具有原料来源广泛、绿色环保等优点,使它在众多生产方法中脱颖而出,已成为生产乙酸乙酯最具发展前景的工业生产方法。

 所以随着时代的进步与发展,我们会发现我们的生活中处处都存在着化工产品的影子,并已经越来越离不开它们了。因此化工设计就变得尤为重要。化工设计是生产化工产品的重要前提,换句话说如果没有化工设计做基础,那么就缺少了施工依据,缺少了对生产能力的预估,对经济指标、安全指标等无法做出正确的评价。所以,化工设计是对化工产品生产的高质量高要求的前提保证。

1.任务来源

本设计根据乙醛缩合法制乙酸乙酯的研究以及工艺放大实验中的数据,并参考了他们的实验的设备与流程,最后自己进行对本工艺的设计与完善。其目的是通过运用化学工艺和化工设计相关的知识进行对乙酸乙酯的工艺设计,并为乙醛缩合法制乙酸乙酯的工业化生产提供参考条件。

2. 设计原则

(1)环保:化工设计不仅要考虑生产效益,更要将良好的环境效益列入重要指标。

(2)安全:化工设计的安全指标,不仅仅是考虑设备设计与安放的正确性,还要保证工人们工作时的安全与健康。

(3)经济效益:在不影响流程的情况下,将厂房建设简单化,将设备布置安排的合理化,有效地利用空间与土地。

(4)便于安装:位置布置合理,使得物料之间的运输线路最简单最短。

3. 主要设计指标

(1)基本数据

 乙醛纯度      99.8%

 乙醛转化率    86.5%,89.1%

 乙酸乙酯纯度  99.8%

(2)计算基准

以每小时产量99.8%纯度的乙酸乙酯作计算基准。

关键词:乙酸乙酯,乙醛缩合法,精馏塔

Factory design of ethyl acetate

with an annual output of 240000

Instruction manual:

At present, the demand for ethyl acetate in domestic and foreign markets is increasing. Now more and more people pay attention to the protection of the environment, and the use of high-grade solvents in the production of paint and ink is the trend of the times. As a kind of high grade solvent, the application of ethyl acetate at home and abroad can be sustained and stable growth. The rapid development of building automobiles and other industries will drive the demand for ethyl acetate solvents.

This project is to produce ethyl acetate by acetaldehyde condensation. This process has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, less consumption of raw materials, simple process and small corrosion rate of equipment. Therefore, this process has relative advantages in production cost, and is also more green and reasonable.

Ethyl acetate and ethyl acetate, because of its good solubility and fast drying properties, are now widely used in organic chemical industry, perfume essence and other industries. It has become a very important fine chemical raw material. In recent years, the industrial production method of ethyl acetate has gradually become mature, and the acetal shrinkage method has made it stand out in many production methods because of its advantages of wide source of raw materials and green environmental protection, which has become the most promising industrial production method for the production of ethyl acetate.