摘要:人类社会高速发展随之而来的是能源短缺问题和环境污染问题，而光催化材料由于其独有的光转化能力，为解决能源短缺和环境污染提供了可能。利用水热或溶剂热法成功制得了棒状CdS和正八面体Zr-MOF以及核壳结构的CdS-Zr-MOF光催化复合材料。通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜等表征材料的组成与形貌，通过有机物污染物降解、固体紫外可见光吸收光谱等检测材料的光催化性能。从结果得出，相比于CdS纳米棒，CdS-Zr-MOF复合材料较高的光催化-吸附性能取决于其较大的比表面积、较宽的光吸收范围、较高的光生载流子分离率和较低的光生载流子复合率，其中CdS@UiO-66-(OH)2比例为1:0.1时，处理水中有机污染物的效率最高达98%。本次课题中研究的CdS-Zr-MOF光催化复合材料光催化-吸附性能目的在于提高解决环境污染物时催化材料的利用效率和提高处理效果。

关键词： 光催化；硫化镉；Zr-MOF；复合材料

Preparation and Properties of CdS-Zr-MOF Photocatalytic Materials

Abstract: The rapid development of human society is accompanied by problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution. Photocatalytic materials, due to their unique light conversion capabilities, offer the possibility to solve energy shortages and environmental pollution. The rod-like CdS, octahedron-Zr-MOF and core-shell CdS-Zr-MOF photocatalytic composites were successfully prepared by hydrothermal or solvothermal methods. The composition and morphology of the material were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The photocatalytic properties of the material were determined by degradation of organic contaminants and UV-visible absorption spectra of the solids. From the results, compared to CdS nanorods, the higher photocatalytic-adsorption performance of CdS-Zr-MOF composites depends on its larger specific surface area, wider light absorption range, and higher photogenerated carriers. The separation efficiency and low photo-generated carrier recombination rate, where the ratio of CdS@UiO-66-(OH)2 is 1:0.1, the efficiency of organic pollutants in water treatment is up to 98%.The objective of the photocatalytic-adsorption performance of CdS-Zr-MOF photocatalytic composite materials studied in this project is to improve the utilization efficiency of catalytic materials and improve the treatment effect when solving environmental pollutants.

Keywords： Photocatalysis; Cadmium sulfide; Zr-MOF; Composites 

目   录

1 绪论 1

1.1 引言 1

1.2 半导体光催化材料 1

1.2.1 半导体光催化材料简述 1

1.2.2 光催化反应简述 2

1.2.3 半导体光催化材料的应用 2

1.2.4 光催化材料的改性 3

1.3 硫化镉光催化材料的研究现状 4

1.3.1 硫化镉的形貌结构控制 4

1.3.2 硫化镉的复合改性 5

1.4 金属-有机骨架材料的研究现状 6

1.4.1 金属-有机框架材料发展简介 6

1.4.2 金属-有机框架材料的合成 6

1.4.3 金属-有机框架材料与其他半导体材料的复合方法 6

1.5 CdS/MOF材料的光催化机理 7

1.6 本课题的主要研究内容 7

2 实验部分 9

2.1 实验原料与仪器设备 9

2.1.1 实验主要化学试剂 9

2.1.2 实验主要仪器设备 9

2.2 实验过程 10

2.2.1 CdS(硫化镉)的制备 10

2.2.2 Zr-MOF(UiO-66-(OH)2)的制备 10

2.2.3 CdS-Zr-MOF复合材料的制备 11

2.3 表征手段 11

2.3.1 X射线衍射（XRD） 11

2.3.2 扫描电子显微镜(SEM) 11

2.3.3 透射电子显微镜(TEM) 11

2.4 光催化性能检测 11

2.4.1 有机污染物降解测试 11

2.4.2 荧光寿命测试(PL) 12

2.4.3 紫外光可见吸收测试(UV-Vis) 12

2.4.4 光电效应检测 12

3 结果与讨论 13

3.1 CdS的XRD分析 13