摘要：我国北方大面积区域有冻土分布，而在冻土区域的施工与挖掘技术一直是热门的研究课题。本文以火炮机动过程中驻锄坑的挖掘为背景，任务目标是在较短的时间（10min-20min）内完成小范围冻土开挖工作。本文将冻土的快速挖掘分为速融和挖掘两部分。在使用土壤力学相关理论分析的基础上，计算了挖掘时相关参数的理论值。通过理论分析计算得出施工时刀具的受力情况，设计了一种快速冻土挖掘刀具及其配套装置，并在建立装置模型的基础上使用Pro/MECHANICA对模型进行仿真分析，对挖掘装置可行性进行了验证。

   本文首先对概述了冻土的主要特点和力学特征，简述了我国当前冻土的分布情况。之后通过热力学计算得出冻土融化所需药量。同时参考土壤力学的相关理论，有针对性地在冻土、短时挖掘等条件下计算挖掘过程的切削力和切削刃的表面应力，参考现有挖掘装置设计适合工作目标的挖掘刀具及配套机构，并给出相关参数的理论计算值。最后运用Pro/MECHANICA在Proe环境中对所设计的装置进行建模和仿真分析，以验证装置的可行性。并提出一些设计的改进意见。

关键词  冻土 快速挖掘 Pro/MECHANICA分析

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title    The design of a new type frozen soil mining device                    

Abstract：The large area of northern China has frozen soil distribution, and the construction and excavation technology in permafrost regions is always a hot research topic.The basic background of this article is the mining procedure for emplacements during the maneuvering of artillery. The goal was to accomplish the mining procedure within a relative short time.This article pided the mining procedure into two parts,which is the melting part and the digging part.

Based on the theory of mechanics,this article calculated the parameters during the digging procedure.We also designed a type of excavate knife tool and its matching devices using theoretical analysis. After building the model,we used Pro\MECHANICA to carry out the simulation analysis so that we can verify the practicability of this model.

       First of all, this article summarized the main feature of the frozen soil as well as its current distribution in China.Then we used thermodynamics to calculate the required quantity during the melting procedure.Based on mechanical theories,we calculated the cutting force as well as the pressure on the knife tool surface under the short-term mining circumstance.At last, in order to verify the practicability of this model,we used Pro\MECHANICA for modeling and simulation analysis in Pore-environment.We also made a few suggestions based on the simulation results.

Keywords  Frozen soil  Fast mining   Pro\MECHANICA Analysis

目   次

1  绪论 1

1.1 冻土主要特性概述 1

1.2 冻土挖掘技术概览 4

1.3 未来冻土挖掘技术的发展趋势 5

1.4 本文主要研究内容 5

1.5 本章小节 6

2  铝热剂融化冻土的计算 7

2.1 铝热剂概述 7

2.2 冻土融化的相关热力学理论 7

2.3 冻土融化所需药量 7

2.4 本章小节 9

3  基于土壤力学对融土挖掘过程的研究 10

3.1 冻土的破坏 10

3.2 切削土体时切削力的分析 10

3.3 土壤对刀具表面压力的分析 13

3.4 本章小节 17

4  挖掘装置的设计 18

4.1 冻土融化装置设计 18

4.2 融土挖掘刀具设计 19

4.3 技术参数及配套辅助工具 20

4.4 本章小节 21

5  可行性验证 22

5.1 Pro\MECHANICA简述 22

5.2 分析过程 23

5.3 分析结果与改进建议 24

5.4 本章小节 25