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以[EMIM]Br作为毒性因子，以秀丽线虫作为模式生物，通过急性毒性实验、生长毒性实验、繁殖毒性实验、神经毒性试验等探究[EMIM]Br对秀丽线虫的生长、行为、繁殖和寿命的影响
摘要： 1-乙基-3-甲基溴化咪唑是一种典型的短链咪唑类离子液体，是良好的绿色溶剂，短链烷烃离子液体不易降解，所以本论文研究[EMIM]Br在水及土壤中对环境生物，特别是土壤生物的生存状态影响。本文以秀丽线虫为模式生物，研究在0mg/L、18.3mg/L、30.5mg/L、84.6mg/L、141mg/L [EMIM]Br下其生长、行为、繁殖和寿命。研究发现，[EMIM]Br对秀丽线虫生长及繁殖存在毒物兴奋效应，[EMIM]Br行为毒性-剂量效应关系不明确，不同浓度[EMIM]Br作用下秀丽线虫Omega旋转次数和反向运动次数较多，对寿命影响不大，不同指标敏感度：寿命<生长<繁殖，不同行为指标敏感度：体长<身体弯曲频率<反向运动<Omega旋转，即神经比生长更为敏感，[EMIM]Br对神经毒性较大。[EMIM]Br对线虫生存作用表明，低浓度[EMIM]Br有益于秀丽线虫的生长和繁殖。有关短链咪唑类离子液体的毒性效应还需要进一步探究。
关键词： 1-乙基-3-甲基溴化咪唑；秀丽线虫；体长；行为；繁殖；寿命
The toxicity of 1-ethy-3-methylimidazolium bromide on C.elegans
Abstract: 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide is a typical short-chain imidazole ionic liquid and it is a good green solvent. Although short-chain alkane ionic liquids are not easily degraded, so the effect to the existence state of environmental organisms, especially, soil microbes of [EMIM]Br in water and soil was needed studied. In this paper, Caenorhabditis elegans , a model organism, was used for studying its growth, behavior, reproduction and lifespan at 0 mg/L, 18.3 mg/L, 30.5 mg/L, 84.6 mg/L, and 141 mg/L [EMIM]Br. The study found that [EMIM]Br had hormesis effect on the growth and reproduction of Caenorhabditis elegans. The behavioral toxicity-dose relationship of [EMIM]Br was unclear. The number of Omega turn and reverse movement was increasing. The impact on life span is not significant. Sensitivity of different indicators: Lifespan<Growth<Reproduction, and different behavioral indicators sensitivity: Body length<Body bending frequency<Inverse movement<Omega rotation, ie, nerves are more susceptible than growth. [EMIM]Br have more neurotoxic. The survival of [EMIM]Br against Caenorhabditis elegans suggests that low concentrations of [EMIM]Br are beneficial for Caenorhabditis elegans growth and reproduction. The toxic effects of short-chain imidazole ionic liquids need to be further explored.
Key Words：1-ethy-3-methylimidazolium bromide; Caenorhabditis elegans; growth; behavior; reproduction; lifespan
目 录
1. 绪论 1
1.1 秀丽线虫与毒性兴奋效应 1
1.1.1 秀丽线虫简介 1
1.1.2 秀丽线虫在环境毒理学中的应用 1
1.1.3 毒性兴奋效应 2
1.1.4 基于秀丽线虫评估咪唑类离子液体环境毒性的研究现状 3
1.2 离子液体 3
1.2.1 离子液体概述 3
1.2.2 离子液体应用 4
1.2.3 离子液体的环境效应 5
1.3 本论文研究意义、目的和内容 5
1.3.1 本论文研究意义和目的 5
1.3.2 本论文研究内容 6
1.4 技术路线 6
1.5 本论文重点、难点、可行性分析及创新点 7
2 材料与方法 8
2.1 仪器、试剂与材料 8
2.1.1 实验仪器 8
2.1.2 实验器材 8
2.1.3 实验试剂 9
2.1.4 线虫品系 9
2.1.5 溶液及培养基配制 9
2.2 线虫的培养与同步化 10
2.2.1 秀丽线虫培养及传代 10
2.2.2 秀丽线虫同化 11
2.2.3 线虫染毒实验 11
2.3 线虫实验方法 12
2.3.1 线虫体长实验 12
2.3.2 线虫的行为实验 12
2.3.3 线虫的生殖毒性实验 12
2.3.4 线虫的寿命试验 13
2.3.5 数据分析 13
3 结果与讨论 15
3.1 [EMIM]Br对线虫体长的影响 15
3.2 [EMIM]Br线虫生长的影响 15
3.3 [EMIM]Br对线虫行为影响 17
3.4 [EMIM]Br对线虫生殖能力的影响 21