摘  要：在猪的各个经济性状中，产仔数极为重要,它反映出猪的生产水平。提高猪的产仔数可以直接提高猪的生产效率，为现代化猪场带来相当可观的经济效益。但是，猪产仔数性状是由复杂多基因控制，其遗传率低，使用传统育种方法进行选育进展缓慢，所以利用新的分子选育标记法来提高产仔数成为研究的热点。指导教师所在实验室于前期研究中在猪12号染色体发现了与产仔数显著关联的QTL。并将位于12号染色体显著位点上下游100kb范围内的RPS6KB1基因列为是影响二花脸群体内产仔数变异的功能候选基因。本研究采用PCR扩增技术与DNA测序技术对304头纯种二花脸猪DNA在12号染色体RPS6KB1基因的3’UTR区域3743165bp的特异位点进行测序，并使用SAS软件对测序结果与其产仔数进行关联性分析。结果显示该位点与产仔数无论是总产仔数还是产活仔数均无显著关联，说明可能RPS6KB1的3’UTR区域12:37431651位点并不会直接对产仔数进行调控，因此后续还需要对RPS6KB1基因的其他区域以及3’UTR区域的其他点进行进一步的研究。

关键字：二花脸猪；RPS6KB1基因；产仔数；关联性

Association study of pig litter size with the chromosome 12 loci of Erhualian pigs

Abstract: In the most economic traits of pig, litter size is the most important trait, it could reflects the production level of the pig. Raising the number of the pigs could directly improve the production efficiency of the pigs and bring considerable economic benefit to the modern pig farm. However, pig litter size trait is a complex polygenic trait, and the heritability is very low, it is difficult to use traditional breeding method to improve litter size, so take advantage of new molecular breeding notation to improve litter size is becoming a hot spot of research.In the previous study, the instructor's laboratory found QTLs associated with litter size in Pig No. 12 chromosome. And the RPS6KB1 gene located in the range of 100kb upstream and downstream of chromosome 12 was listed as a functional candidate gene affecting the variation of litter size in Erhualian population. This research typing the candidate loci of RPS6KB1 in 304 purebred Erhualian pigs bu using the PCR amplification and DNA sequencing technology, and then do the correlation analysis between genotype and phenotype by using SAS software. Our test is an exploratory test, the results showed that the genotypes have no significant correlation with both total litter size and litter number born alive in Erhualian population, which may imply RPS6KB1 3 'UTR region 12:37431651 loci could not control pig litter size expression directly, so the follow-up work need to study the promoter regions and 3' UTR region for further research.

Key words: Erhualian pigs; 12:37431651 loci; litter size; association

目  录

摘要1

关键词1

Abstract1

Key words1

引言1

1材料与方法2

1.1实验材料 2

1.2实验方法 3

1.2.1样品DNA稀释液的制备3

1.2.2目标位点引物的设计3

1.2.3目的片段PCR扩增条件的摸索3

1.2.4目的片段PCR扩增4

1.2.5利用凝胶电泳技术对扩增结果进行检测4

1.2.6对目的片段进行DNA测序4

1.2.7DNA测序结果与总产仔数关联分析4

2结果与分析 4

2.1测序结果5

2.2结果分析 5

3讨论 6

3.1扩大群体进一步验证该位点的显著性 6

3.2进一步验证RPS6KB1上其他位点与产仔数的关联 6

3.3影响猪产仔数性状的其他因素 6

3.3.1年龄因素 6

3.3.2营养因素 6

3.3.3管理因素 6

3.3.4疫病因素 6

3.4 3’UTR区域在猪生产中的作用6

4总结 7

致谢7

参考文献8

猪12号染色体基因位点与二花脸猪产仔数关联性的研究

引言：

在猪的各个经济性状中，产仔数极为重要,它反映出猪的生产水平。提高猪的产仔数可以直接提高猪的生产效率，为现代化猪场带来相当可观的经济效益。二花脸猪是位于我国太湖流域的国家级畜禽遗传资源保护品种，以性成熟早、繁殖力高、产仔多、母性好、肉质好、耐粗饲、抗病力强等优良特性而闻名于世[1]；曾创造了窝总产仔数42头的世界最高单胎产仔纪录[2]，是我国特有的遗传资源，对其高繁殖性进行研究有利于提高商品猪的繁殖率，可以促进我国养猪业的发展。