摘要：麦角硫因是一种活性氨基酸，不能由机体自身所产生，但能通过食物摄取。麦角硫因因其强大的抗氧化能力在机体细胞生理过程中担任独特的角色。本课题证实产地为福建的榆黄菇的麦角硫因含量最高，并通过实验确定了麦角硫因的最佳提取条件为常温水提15分钟，而料液比为1:20。在此最优条件下得到的榆黄子实体提取液经浓缩至1g/mL后，分析浓缩液中各功效成分的含量，其中麦角硫因含量约为5.8mg/mL，蛋白质含量92.5mg/mL，多肽和氨基酸含量分别是57.3mg/mL和32.3mg/mL，总酚和黄酮的含量约为1.33mg/mL和1.056mg/mL。对麦角硫因提取液进行功效评价，结果显示榆黄水提液对羟基自由基的IC50值为4.838mg/mL，对过氧化氢的IC50为0.28mg/mL，对ABTS自由基的IC50为3.854mg/mL，原液（1g/mL）对于DPPH自由基抑制率28%，还原力强，浓度为0.1mg/mL时体外抑制酪氨酸酶的抑制率为6.25%；当榆黄菇水提液作为化妆品的天然添加物加入配方后该化妆品的保湿能力明显提高，说明榆黄菇水提液具有是一种功效卓越的化妆品原料。

关键词： 榆黄菇；麦角硫因；提取优化；抗氧化；成分分析

Analysis and Efficacy Evaluation of Active Components in Water Extracts of Edible Fungi Enriched with Ergothioneine

Abstract: Ergothioneine is an active amino acid that cannot be produced by the body itself, but can be taken by food. Ergothioneine plays a unique role in the cellular physiological processes of the body due to its strong antioxidant capacity. This experiment confirmed that the Ergothioneine content of the Pleurotus citrinopileatus originating from Fujian is the highest. Through experiments, it was determined that the optimum extraction condition of Ergothioneine is 15 minutes at room temperature, and the ratio of solid to liquid is 1:20. Under the optimal conditions, the water extract of Pleurotus citrinopileatus had been concentrated to 1 g/mL, and the content of each functional ingredient in the concentrated solution was analyzed. The content of Ergothioneine was approximately 5.8 mg/mL, and the protein content was 92.5 mg/mL. The polypeptide and amino acid contents were 57.3 mg/mL and 32.3 mg/mL, respectively. The contents of total phenols and flavonoids were approximately 1.33 mg/mL and 1.056 mg/mL. Efficacy evaluation of ergothioneine extract showed that the IC50 value of the water extract of Pleurotus citrinopileatus to the hydroxyl radical was 4.838 mg/mL, the IC50 to hydrogen peroxide was 0.28 mg/mL, and the IC50 to ABTS radical was 3.854. The inhibition rate of the original solution to DPPH free radical was 28%, and the reduction force was strong. When the concentration was 0.1mg/mL, the inhibition rate of the extracorporeal aqueous extract to inhibit tyrosinase was 6.25%. When the elm yellow mushroom water solution as natural cosmetic additives after joining formula obviously improve the moisturizing ability of the cosmetics, description Pleurotus citrinopileatus water extract has the effect that is a kind of excellent cosmetic raw materials.

Key words:  Pleurotus citrinopileatus；Ergothioneine；Extract optimization；Antioxidant; Composition analysis

目录

1绪论 - 1 -

1.1食用菌的研究现状 - 1 -

1.1.1 食用菌中主要有效成分 - 1 -

1.1.2 食用菌提取物的功能性成分简介 - 1 -

1.2 麦角硫因研究现状 - 2 -

1.2.1 麦角硫因的生理功能 - 3 -

1.3 本课题的研究内容、目的与意义 - 4 -

2.材料与方法 - 4 -

2.1 实验材料与试剂 - 4 -

2.1.1 原材料 - 4 -

2.1.2 生物试剂 - 4 -

2.1.3 化学试剂 - 4 -

2.1.4 试剂盒 - 4 -

2.2 仪器设备 - 5 -

2.3 实验方法 - 5 -

2.3.1 麦角硫因的提取工艺优化 - 5 -

2.3.2 提取液功效成分含量的测定 - 6 -

2.3.3 榆黄菇水提液的功效评价 - 10 -

2.3.4 榆黄菇提取液在化妆品中的应用 - 11 -