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关键词： 乙醇；热量衡算；物料衡算；精馏

Annual production of 100000 tons of ethanol process design

General description of design：Due to large amounts of fossil energy use, environment, economy, and society have become overload, which cause fossil fuel emissions of carbon dioxide to global warming and water acidification, at present people to the attention of environmental protection is more and more intense, and fossil fuels are also gradually to die today. Ethanol is considered to be one of the most promising renewable fuels, the use of ethanol as a fuel can not only alleviate energy shortage problem, can also reduce pollution to the environment. As a relatively new type of environmentally friendly cleaning energy, at present, ethanol is becoming a hot spot of the new energy research at home and abroad, in most areas are used, the use of this ethanol gasoline can reduce harmful gas emissions, improve engine performance and rich resources, reduces the dependence on oil.

Design criteria: there are two main methods for producing ethanol, one is fermentation. Ethylene water is a direct reaction between ethylene and water under heating, pressure and catalyzed production of ethanol. The fermentation process of ethanol is that starch is first liquefied, saccharified, fermented, and then refined to ethanol. In the process of liquefaction, liquor-amylase is widely used to liquefy the raw materials. The saccharification process is to convert the short starch chain, dextrin, into fermentable sugar. Fermentation is the process of converting sugar into ethanol and carbon dioxide. This design USES starch as the raw material, 330 working days per year, 30 days for machine maintenance, 5 days for maneuver, and fermentation method to complete this design. The design of the annual output is 100000 tons, is mainly introduced in this paper selected topic background, purpose, process and material balance, heat balance calculation and arrangement of the plant and economic environmental analysis.

Ethanol is widely used. It can play a role in the medical treatment of diseases. Ethanol is treated as a good material for cooking. Experiments show that ethanol can also be used as a preservative. Disinfectant of different concentration, beverage, basic organic chemical raw material, automobile fuel. As a new type of clean fuel ethanol gasoline, ethanol is usually used in SI engine, mixed with gasoline, recently by direct injection engine, is currently the world's renewable energy development, conforms to our country energy substitution strategy and renewable energy development direction, safe and reliable technology is mature, fully applicable in our country, which has good economic and social benefits.

The fermentation tank is mainly used for material balance, design of fermentation tank and heat balance. The calculation of physical parameters, the calculation of column diameter of distillation column, the design of column plate structure, the calculation of fluid mechanics of column plate, the performance diagram of column plate load and the calculation of tower body height are mainly carried out in distillation column. The economic feasibility analysis mainly include investment estimation, cost estimation and financial evaluation. Environmental protection and energy conservation measures are mainly waste liquid treatment, pump noise treatment and so on.

In this paper, the design of the results as follows: the selection of fermentation tank capacity is 500 m3, the required number of fermentation tank for 19, the choice of rectifying column to float valve tower, the actual number of float valve is 1070, the actual plate number is 25, 18.85 m high tower, and a variety of process indicators are within the scope of the license, map out the process flow diagram, float valve tower and workshop layout, etc.