摘要:纺织品的制造过程中使用的染剂通常使其具有较强的化学性气味，近年来开发缓释微胶囊应用于纺织品中成为一种趋势，它可以缓慢释放香气，掩盖其散发出的强烈刺激气味，增强纺织品的市场竞争力及产品附加值。

本文以聚甲基丙烯酸正丁酯为壁材对香气清新的苹果香精进行包覆，采用悬浮聚合法制备缓释苹果香精微胶囊，并将其应用于纺织品加香。通过单因素平行实验对温度、芯壁比、时间等因素对制备苹果香精微胶囊的影响。通过对微胶囊乳液稳定性的观察和分析，使用粒径分析仪对实验制备所得微胶囊的粒径大小以及分散系数(PDI)进行探究，使用扫描电镜(SEM)和光学显微镜对微胶囊的外观形貌和粒子分散性进行观察，从而确定最优制备工艺。使用红外光谱和热重分析仪对最优制备条件下所得微胶囊进行表征。实验结果表明，在制备温度为80 ℃，芯壁比为1:2.5，搅拌时间为6h条件下制备出的微胶囊粒子的形貌、粒径状态较优。最后，选取优化效果最好的香精微胶囊通过浸渍法对纺织品进行加香整理，并进行扫描电镜表征。

关键词：香精微胶囊；悬浮聚合法；浸渍法；纺织品

Preparation and Application of Slow-release Essences for Textiles

Abstract: Dyes used in the manufacture of textiles usually have a strong chemical odor. In recent years, the development of sustained-release microcapsules has become a trend in textiles. It can slowly release the aroma, masking its strong irritating odor and making textiles. Has a stronger market competitiveness and product added value.

In this paper, poly(n-butyl methacrylate) was used as the wall material to coat the apple essence. Sustained-release apple essence microcapsules were prepared by suspension polymerization method and applied to textiles for flavoring. The effects of temperature, core/wall ratio, and time on the preparation of apple essence microcapsules were investigated by single factor parallel experiments. Through the observation and analysis of the stability of the microcapsule emulsion, the particle size and the dispersion coefficient (PDI) of the microcapsules prepared by the experiment were investigated using a particle size analyzer, and the appearance of the microcapsules was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an optical microscope. Morphology and particle dispersion were observed to determine the optimal preparation process. The resulting microcapsules were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Finally, the three groups with better results were selected for fragrance finishing of the textiles by impregnation and characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results show that the morphology and particle size of the microcapsules prepared at the preparation temperature of 80°C, core-wall ratio of 1:2.5 and stirring time of 6h are superior.

KeyWords:  flavor microcapsules; suspension polymerization; impregnation; textiles

目录

1 前言 1

1.1 芳香整理纺织品概述 1

1.2 微胶囊技术概述 1

1.2.1 香精微胶囊缓释原理 1

1.2.2 微胶囊化的意义 1

1.2.3 常用的微胶囊技术 2

1.2.4 微胶囊制备常用的壁材和芯材 3

1.3 典型的纺织品用微胶囊 4

1.3.1 β-环糊精芳香微胶囊 4

1.3.2 松香改性微胶囊 4

1.3.3 聚氨酯芳香微胶囊 4

1.3.4 阿拉伯树胶-明胶芳香微胶囊 4

1.3.5 纳米芳香微胶囊 4

1.4 微胶囊的应用 4

1.4.1 微胶囊技术在食物中的应用 5

1.4.2 微胶囊技术在墙纸中的应用 5

1.4.3 微胶囊技术在医药产品中的应用 5

1.4.4 微胶囊技术在纺织物中的应用 5

1.5 织物芳香整理的方法 6

1.5.1 洗涤留香 6

1.5.2 直接加香 6

1.6 香精微胶囊在纺织物应用中的研究现状与前景 6