摘要：在长白山苔原带，采用开顶箱被动增温方式，研究变暖对仙女木叶片氮、磷、钾含量以及化学计量学的动态影响。结果显示，仙女木叶片P含量和K含量年际变化极其显著（P＜0.001），而N含量无明显变化；增温和对照条件下2016年的仙女木叶片P含量和K含量相较2015年分别升高了约32%、21%和155%、51%,生长季中叶片N含量呈先上升后大幅下降的趋势，有明显季节波动，P含量的月份变化总体呈现逐月下降趋势；整个生长季，增温与对照条件下叶片的平均N含量为1.66%和1.77%，P含量为0.08%和0.09%，K含量为0.40%和0.47%；增温与对照条件下叶片N/P比值为23.5和19.5，N/K比值为5.3和4.2，P/K比值分别为0.3和0.2。增温对仙女木叶片生长季的N、P、K含量及其比值无统计上明显影响。

关键词：增温；仙女木；叶片；养分

Abstract：In the tundra zone of Changbai mountain, the dynamic effects of warming on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content and stoichiometry were studied by means of passive warming of open top box. The results showed that the content of P content and K content in Dryas octopetala var. asiatica leaves were significantly different (P < 0.001), while N content had no significant change. Warming and control under the condition of the 2016 Dryas octopetala var. asiatica leaves of contents of P and K, respectively, compared with 2015 increased about 32%, 21% and 32%, 21%, and leaf N content in the growing season fell sharply after the first rising trend, has obvious seasonal fluctuations, the P content change in general downward trend from month to month. During the whole growth season, the average N content of the leaves in the temperature and control conditions was 1.66% and 1.77%, the P content was 0.08% and 0.09%, and the K content was 0.40% and 0.47%.The ratio of N/P in leaf blade N/P was 23.5 and 19.5, and the ratio of N/K was 5.3 and 4.2, respectively. The ratio of P/K was 0.3 and 0.2 respectively. The content of N, P, K and its ratio in the growth season of fairy wood leaves were not statistically significant.

Key words：warming;  Dryas octopetala var. asiatica；nutrition

目录

1前言 1

1.1研究进展 1

1.2研究目的与意义 2

2实验方法 3

2.1研究区概况 3

2.2实验材料 3

2.3N、P、K含量测定 3

2.3.1全N含量测定——靛酚蓝比色法 3

2.3.2全P含量测定——钼锑钪比色法 3

2.3.3全K含量测定——火焰光度计法 4

2.4数据处理 4

3.结果分析 4

3.1仙女木叶片化学计量学的动态变化 4

3.1.1仙女木叶片N、P、K含量年际动态 4

3.1.2仙女木叶片N、P、K含量月动态 5

3.1.3仙女木叶片N/P、N/K、P/K年际动态 6

3.1.4仙女木叶片N/P、N/K、P/K月份动态 7

3.2增温与对照条件下仙女木叶片化学计量学比较 8

3.2.1增温与对照条件下仙女木叶片N、P、K含量比较 8

3.2.2增温与对照条件下仙女木叶片N/P、N/K、P/K比较 9

3.3增温与对照条件下整个生长季仙女木叶片养分含量 9

3.3.1增温与对照条件下整个生长季仙女木叶片N、P、K含量比较 9

3.3.2增温与对照条件下整个生长季仙女木叶片N/P、N/K、P/K比较 9

4讨论 10

5结论 11

6致谢 11

7参考文献 11

1前言

1.1研究进展

仙女木（Dryasoctopetala）为蔷薇科仙女木属的植物。分布于亚洲、欧洲、北美高山地带以及中国大陆的内蒙古自治区、吉林省、辽宁省等地，生长于海拔2,100米至2,300米的地区，一般生长在高山地带。东亚仙女木（D．OctopetalaL.var.asiatica）为其变种。

苔原又称冻原，以苔藓、地衣、多年生草本植物及小灌木组成的低矮植被为主，是生长在极端严寒的永久冻土上的生物群落，乔木在这里已经绝迹。苔原分布于极地或高山永久冻土区。这里生长的植物在顺应湿润的气候环境的同时，又要有克服寒冷导致的生理性干旱的能力。