摘   要：金属空气/海水电池拥有十分广阔的发展前景，引起了人们很大的研究兴趣。因为它们有许多优点，例如环境友好性，高转换效率，快速启动和高能量密度。 然而，阴极催化剂的改进仍然是它们的应用的挑战。 高效率的过渡金属氧化物催化剂在用于氧还原反应（ORR）和析氧反应（OER）的金属 - 空气电池中起关键作用。通过沉淀法和水热法将MnCo2O4材料MnCo2O4-rGO材料，并将其催化剂材料进行电化学性质测试。成功制备出MnCo2O4和MnCo2O4-rGO两种材料。石墨烯在本实验中，利用水热法进行分解。从而改变了制备的溶液中的的过渡金属离子浓度和pH值。这对钴酸锰前驱体的反应过程产生重要影响。从而最终导致了MnCo2O4和MnCo2O4-rGO形状有很大的不同。MnCo2O4-rGO呈薄片状结构。电化学性质测试表明，这种掺杂了氧化石墨的MnCo2O4-rGO复合材料表现出很优秀的电化学性能。这种优异性质与掺杂石墨的复合金属氧化物这一新颖课题有密切关系。实验结果说明MnCo2O4-rGO材料是一种非常有研究价值的催化剂材料。也充分说明掺杂了石墨烯的金属氧化物对超催化剂材料的电化学性质有较大影响。

关键词：金属一空气/海水电池；石墨烯；锰钴氧化物；水热合成

Abstract：Metal air / seawater battery has a very broad prospects for development, has aroused great interest in research. Because they have many advantages, such as environmental friendliness, high conversion efficiency, fast start and high energy density. However, the improvement of cathode catalysts is still a challenge for their application. High efficiency transition metal oxide catalysts play a key role in metal-air batteries for oxygen reduction (ORR) and oxygenation reactions (OER). MnCo2O4-MnO2O4-rGO material was prepared by precipitation method and hydrothermal method, and its electrocatalytic properties were tested. MnCo2O4 and MnCo2O4-rGO were successfully prepared. Graphene In this experiment, the decomposition by hydrothermal method. Thereby changing the transition metal ion concentration and pH in the prepared solution. This has an important effect on the reaction process of the manganese cobalt oxide precursors. Thus eventually leading to MnCo2O4 and MnCo2O4-rGO shape is very different. MnCo2O4-rGO has a flaky structure. The electrochemical properties of MnCo2O4-rGO composites were investigated by electrochemical properties. The electrochemical properties of MnCo2O4-rGO composites were investigated. This excellent nature is closely related to the new topic of doping graphite composite metal oxide. The experimental results show that MnCo2O4-rGO material is a kind of very valuable catalyst material. It is also sufficient to show that the metal oxides doped with graphene have a great influence on the electrochemical properties of the ultra-catalyst materials.

Keywords:  Metal-air / seawater battery; Graphene; Manganese cobalt oxide； hydrothermal synthesis

目  录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2 金属-空气电池概述 1

1.3 金属-空气电池研究现状 1

1.4锰钴氧化物复合材料的研究现状 2

1.4.1锰钴氧化物复合材料的制备方法 3

1.4.2尖晶石型锰钴复合材料 3

1.5 过渡金属氧化物催化剂的载体 4

1.5.1 多孔石墨烯和纳米结构石墨作为催化剂载体 5

1.6 其它 5

1.6.1 Pt/C材料 5

1.7 发展前景及方向 7

第二章   锰钴氧化物复合材料的制备和表征 8

2.1 实验仪器与试剂 8

2.2 锰钴氧化物复合材料的制备 9

2.2.1 溶液的配制 9

2.2.2催化剂的制备 9

2.3 锰钴氧化物复合材料电化学性能测试 10

2.3.1 循环伏安测试(CV) 10

2.3.2 旋转圆盘电极测试(RDE) 11

2.3.3 线性扫描伏安曲线（LSV） 11

2.3.4 koutecky–levich方程 11

第三章 MNCO2O4及MNCO2O4/RGO材料的性能和表征 12