利用原位光还原技术成功在螺旋Bi2S3纳米管表面沉积纳米Au粒子,并借助SEM,EDS和XRD等对其进行表征。
摘要:本文以手性有机超分子凝胶为软模板,利用“溶胶-凝胶法”制备出螺旋结构的Bi2S3纳米管,外径约70nm,长度可达5~6μm,具有较大的比表面积和优异的吸附性能;对比了不同硫源和溶剂体系对产物直径和长度的影响,并借助SEM,TEM,XRD,XPS,EDS,DRS,BET吸附模型等测试手段对产物微观形貌结构和性能进行分析表征;进一步利用“原位光还原技术”在既得的Bi2S3纳米管表面沉积贵金属纳米Au粒子,制备出Au-螺旋Bi2S3复合纳米管,可用作高效可见光催化剂;进行可见光催化降解抗生素头孢噻呋钠(CFS)和氧化苯甲醇制苯甲醛的实验,对比单一螺旋Bi2S3纳米管,Au-螺旋Bi2S3复合纳米管的催化活性和选择性均有所提高。
关键词螺旋硫化铋纳米Au粒子光催化
毕业设计说明书外文摘要
Title Preparation and investigation on photocatalytic applications of one-dimensional bismuth system nanomaterials
Abstract:Helical Bi2S3 Nanotubes (NTs) with large specific area and excellent adsorption performance were prepared via sol-gel transcription approach using organic chiral supramolecular gelators as soft template. The outer diameter of the as-obtained helical Bi2S3 NTs is around 70 nm while the length is between 5 to 6 μm. The influences of sulfur source and solvent system on the size of Bi2S3 NTs were investigated, and SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, EDS, DRS and BET analyses were employed for the characterization of microscopic structures and properties of the samples. Au nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of the helical Bi2S3 NTs through in-situ photo reduction for the preparation of Au-Bi2S3 NTs composite. Photocatalytic degradation of ceftiofur sodium (CFS) and selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol into benzaldehyde under visible light were conducted using the Au-Bi2S3 NTs composite. The photocatalytic activity and selectivity of the as-prepared nanocomposites are much higher than that of bare Bi2S3 NTs due to the effective separation of photoinduced charges and carriers.
Keywords helical; bismuth sulfide; Au nanoparticles; photocatalysis
目次
1绪论 1
1.1半导体光催化技术 1
1.1.1光催化技术原理 1
1.1.2光催化剂活性影响因素 2
1.2硫化铋纳米材料 3
1.2.1硫化铋的结构与性质 3
1.2.2纳米硫化铋的制备方法 4
1.2.3贵金属-纳米Bi2S3的研究 5
1.3本文的目的和意义 6
2螺旋硫化铋的制备与表征 8
2.1引言 8
2.2实验部分 8
2.2.1实验试剂 8
2.2.2表征方法 9
2.2.3螺旋Bi2S3的制备 9
2.2.4样品吸附性能测试 10
2.3结果与讨论 10
2.3.1SEM,TEM形貌分析 10
2.3.2EDS分析 12
2.3.3XRD分析 12
2.3.4XPS分析 13
2.3.5DRS分析 14
2.3.6Raman分析 14
2.3.7BET分析 15
2.3.8吸附性能 15
2.4小结 16
3Au-螺旋Bi2S3复合纳米管的制备与光催化应用 17
3.1引言 17
3.2实验部分 17
3.2.1实验试剂 17
3.2.2Au-Bi2S3的合成 17
3.2.3光催化降解CFS 17
3.2.4光催化氧化苯甲醇 18
3.3结果与讨论 18
3.3.1SEM形貌分析 18
3.3.2EDS分析 18
3.3.3XRD分析 19
3.3.4光催化降解性能 19
3.3.5光催化降解CFS可能机理 20
3.3.6光催化氧化性能 21
3.4小结 22
结论 23
致谢 24
参考文献 25
1绪论
1.1半导体光催化技术
光催化技术是半导体光催化剂在光照条件下,其价带上的电子受到光子激发跃迁到导带上,同时在价带产生带正电的空穴,在电场作用下电子和空穴迁移到催化剂表面,进而与吸附在催化剂表面的分子发生各种氧化还原反应,利用光的能量催化某些反应的进行[1,2]。该技术如今己经被广泛应用于多个领域,如污水处理,光分解水制备氢气,太阳能电池,空气净化、有机合成等,且具有廉价易得、操作简单和无二次污染等优点。