摘要：由于蒙脱石在结构上具有三维层状的特点，使得其具有吸附有机污染物的性能。但由于天然蒙脱石拥有较小的层间距和比表面积，且有很强的亲水性，使得蒙脱石对有机污染物的吸附效果并不明显。本课题主要进行的研究是使用有机表面活性剂对蒙脱石进行有机改性，从而提升蒙脱石对有机污染物的吸附性能。在本课题中，用溴化十六烷基吡啶（CPB）对钠基蒙脱石进行有机柱撑改性，来增大蒙脱石的层间距和比表面积。并且使用傅里叶转换红外光谱仪和X射线衍射对制得的改性蒙脱石进行结构表征。

本课题选用苯酚来研究蒙脱石对有机污染物的吸附能力。蒙脱石试样制得后，使用其对苯酚进行吸附试验，通过紫外分光光度计来检测苯酚的浓度变化。然后依次研究了CPB加入量、溶液pH、吸附剂投入量以及吸附接触时间对吸附的影响。

关键词  钠基蒙脱石  柱撑改性  苯酚吸附

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title    Preparation of CPB Modified Montmorillonite and Its Adsorption Properties for Organic Pollutants

Abstract：Since the montmorillonite has a three-dimensional laminar structure, it has the property to adsorb organic contaminants. However, the adsorption effect of montmorillonite on organic pollutants is not obvious due to the small interlayer spacing and specific surface area as well as the strong hydrophilicity of montmorillonite surface. In this work, the organo- montmorillonite modified by organic surfactant was prepared in order to improve the adsorption performance of  montmorillonite on organic pollutants. In this study, sodium-montmorillonite was modified with cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB) to increase the interlayer spacing and specific surface area of montmorillonite. And the modified montmorillonite was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.

Phenol was used as the representative of organic pollutants to study the adsorption capacity of montmorillonite to organic pollutants in the project. After the organic modified montmorillonite sample was prepared, the adsorption test of phenol was carried out, and the change of phenol concentration was detected by UV spectrophotometer. Then, various parameters such as the amount of CPB addition, the pH, the amount of adsorbent and the contact time on the adsorption were investigated in detail.

Keywords  Sodium - montmorillonite Modification Phenol adsorption

目   次

1 绪论 1

1.1  蒙脱石的概述 1

1.2  柱撑蒙脱石的概述… 2

1.2.1  柱撑作用… 2

1.2.2  柱撑蒙脱石的性质… 2

1.2.3  柱撑蒙脱石的分类… 3

1.3   蒙脱石的研究现状… 4

1.4   有机柱撑蒙脱石对有机污染物的吸附简述 4

1.4.1  有机柱撑蒙脱石对非离子型有机物的吸附 4

1.4.2  有机柱撑蒙脱石对离子型有机物的吸附 5

1.5  含酚废水的危害 5

1.6  选题意义 6

2 实验部分 7

2.1  实验试剂与实验仪器  7

2.1.1  实验试剂7

2.1.2  实验仪器7

2.2 钠基蒙脱石的性能测试 8

2.2.1  膨胀容…8

2.2.2  膨润值 8

2.2.3  胶质价…8

2.2.4  吸蓝量…9

2.2.5  阳离子交换容量（CEC）…9

2.3 有机改性蒙脱石的制备… 9

2.4  CPB柱撑改性蒙脱石对苯酚的吸附实验… 10

2.4.1  苯酚溶液的制备… 10

2.4.2  苯酚浓度曲线的绘制… 10

2.4.3  各因素对苯酚吸附效果的影响情况 10

2.4.3.1  改性剂溴化十六烷基吡啶（CPB）加入量对苯酚吸附的影响 10

2.4.3.2  溶液pH对苯酚吸附效果的影响情况… 11

2.4.3.3  吸附剂投入量对苯酚吸附的影响 11