摘要：热激转录因子指的是调节植物高温胁迫的重要因子，热激蛋白的表达需要热激转录因子的配合，对于抵抗高温逆境等生命活动过程有重要作用。热激转录因子普遍存在于整个生物界。本文利用马铃薯全基因组测序结果，运用生物信息学方法鉴定了马铃薯HSFs，分析了基因结构，染色体定位以及基因共线与系统进化关系和基因表达情况等。结果显示马铃薯至少包含29个HSFs基因，马铃薯HSF基因的结构具有十分明显的多样化特点，这说明马铃薯基因家族具有复杂的起源和进化历史，同时，也预示着这个基因家族可能具有多样性的生物学功能特征。这些基因被分为6个类群，不同类群基因结构和保守基序均显示较高的多样性；从基因扩增模式看，我们发现马铃薯HSF家族基因中，其中有10个基因(占34%)是按片段重复方式扩增的，3个基因(占1%)是按串联重复方式扩增的，其它基因扩增模式尚需要进一步确证。进化树末端的同源基因对之间表达情况分化程度较高，这说明同源基因对的分化主要体现在表达模式上。

关键词：马铃薯；热激转录因子；生物信息学

Whole Genome Identification and Analysis of Heat Shock Transcription Factors in Solanum Tuberosum

Abstract: Heat shock transcription factors were widely present in plant, animal and microbe, and they play important roles in the resistance to high temperature stress by mainly regulating the expression of heat shock proteins. In this study, heat shock transcription factor family proteins were systematically analyzed using bioinformatics method for potato sequenced genome. Gene structure, chromosomal location, expression, evolution and gene collinearity relationship were studied in detail. The results showed that Solanum tuberosum contains at least 29 HSFs genes, and their gene structure has very obviously perse characteristics. Diverse structures means the complex origins and evolution of history in the HSF genes in Solanum tuberosum. In addition, this also represents the gene families having a variety of biological features. Phylogenetic relationships indicated that these genes are pided into six groups, and the same group HSF shares similar genetic structure and conserved motifs. Besides, using the PGDD tool, we investigate the expansion pattern of potato HSF gene family in the genome. The results indicated that there are 10 genes (34%) caused by the fragment amplification, three genes (1%) caused by the tandem amplification, and other genes caused by other amplification model. The homologous gene pairs in the end of the evolutionary tree display different sequence features and distinct expression pattern, and these results indicated that the homologous genes have perged from each other during the evolutionary history of plant species. All the results provide useful information about the HSF gene family members in potato.

Keywords: Solanum tuberosum; Heat shock transcription factor; Bioinformatics

目    录

摘要 1

关键词 1

引言 2

1 数据与方法 2

1.1 基因鉴定与序列下载 2

1.2 基因结构分析 3

1.3 染色体定位分析 3

1.4 基因的共线性分析 3

1.5 序列比对与系统进化关系分析 3

1.6 基因的表达情况分析 4

2 结果与分析 4

2.1 马铃薯HSF基因的鉴定 4

2.2 马铃薯HSF基因的结构特征 5

2.3 马铃薯HSF基因的染色体位置 6

2.4 马铃薯HSF基因的微共线性关系 8

2.5 马铃薯HSF基因的系统进化关系 8

2.6 马铃薯HSF基因的表达特性 11

3 讨论与结论 12

参考文献 14

附录 16

致谢 17

马铃薯热激转录因子的全基因组鉴定与分析

引言

   热激转录因子(Heat shock factors, HSFs)是植物中比较重要的一类转录因子，在植物细胞中广泛存在，热激转录因子的表达可以在热胁迫下激活，另外，热胁迫信号转导和耐热性调控在植物转录水平上热胁迫响应基因的中心元件下起着至关重要的作用[1-5]。前人研究结果表明，热激转录因子的基因结构具有高度的保守性。热激转录因子最先是在酵母中发现的[6]。番茄中的HSFAla是调节热激反应的重要因子[7]。研究发现，热激转录因子是参与生命活动的重要因子，具有耐热的功能，为提高植物的抗逆性奠定了基础[8-10]。