摘要：社会在飞速的前进，铁路信号通讯的传送变得较以往加倍重要，在愈来愈繁复的铁路交通运输系统中，实时有效的传递信息，能很大水平的减缓大都市交通紧张状况、提高城市的运转效率。本论文主要论述了地铁隧道及站台中无线信号的传播环境以及多种专用无线网络覆盖方案，并且讨论了以漏泄电缆为主的覆盖技术。本论文以上海轨道交通五号线延伸线信号覆盖为实例，通过对五号线延伸段轨道交通隧道及站台的具体环境和实际情况进行了详细调查、分析后，对论文之前部分所论述的覆盖方案进行分析选择，在对比了各种方案的优缺点后，选择出最适合的信号覆盖方案组合来进行模拟覆盖，以解决信号覆盖盲区的问题，本论文最终目的是使地铁隧道及站台的网络信号覆盖达到一个理想的效果，使乘客享有畅通的网络通信环境。

关键词：地铁隧道 站台 信号覆盖 GSM-R

The subway tunnel and GSM-R coverage solutions platform

English abstract: With the rapid development of society, the transmission of railway signal and communication has become more important than ever. In an increasingly complex railway transportation system, the timely transmission of information can greatly ease the traffic congestion in metropolitan areas and improve the city’s Operational efficiency. This paper mainly discusses the propagation environment of wireless signals in subway tunnels and platforms, as well as a variety of dedicated wireless network coverage schemes, and discusses coverage technologies based on leaky cables. This paper takes the signal coverage of the extension line of the Shanghai Rail Transit Line 5 as an example. After detailed investigation and analysis of the specific environment and actual conditions of the rail transit tunnel and platform of the extension line of the No. 5 line, the coverage discussed in the previous part of the paper is discussed. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of various schemes, the program chooses the most suitable combination of signal coverage schemes for simulation coverage to solve the problem of blind coverage of signal coverage. The ultimate purpose of this paper is to make the network of subway tunnels and stations. Signal coverage achieves an ideal result, enabling passengers to enjoy an unobstructed network communication environment.

Keywords: Subway tunnel，Platform，Signal coverage，GSM-R

目  录

1 绪论 - 1 -

1.1 课题的意义和研究现状 - 1 -

1.1.1 课题的意义 - 1 -

1.1.2 课题的研究现状 - 1 -

1.2 课题的发展趋势 - 2 -

2 分析 - 3 -

2.1 GSM-R简述 - 3 -

2.2 地铁覆盖信号源的选择 - 4 -

2.2.1 射频拉远(RRH) - 4 -

2.2.2 宏蜂窝基站 - 4 -

2.2.3 微蜂窝基站 - 4 -

2.3 各信号源优缺点分析 - 5 -

2.3.1 直放站几种组合的优缺点 - 5 -

2.3.2 宏蜂窝基站的优缺点 - 5 -

2.3.3 微蜂窝基站的优缺点 - 5 -

2.4 地铁覆盖整体组网方案的选择 - 5 -

2.4.1 集中引入组网方案 - 5 -

2.4.2 分散引入组网方案 - 5 -

2.4.3 方案的比较 - 5 -

2.5 地铁车站和隧道的信号覆盖方案 - 6 -

2.5.1 地铁隧道的信号覆盖方案 - 6 -

2.5.2 不同隧道长度具体解决方案 - 6 -

2.5.3 地铁站台信号覆盖方案 - 7 -

2.6 泄漏电缆的简述 - 7 -

2.6.1 泄漏电缆结构 - 7 -

2.6.2 泄漏电缆的工作原理 - 7 -

2.6.3 泄漏电缆的种类 - 8 -

2.6.4 泄漏电缆覆盖设计步骤 - 8 -

2.6.5 功能指标 - 9 -

2.6.6 影响因素及计算 - 9 -

2.7 分布式天线系统解决站台覆盖 - 11 -

3 设计 - 12 -

3.1 情景假设 - 12 -

3.2 隧道覆盖天馈系统的选择 - 13 -

3.2.1 光纤馈电有源分布式天线系统 - 13 -

3.2.2 同轴馈电无源分布式天线 - 13 -