Reaction section.The pentafluorochloroethane and the hydrogen gas respectively enter the heat exchanger through a pump, the hydrogen is compressed and humidified, and is preheated by the menstrual heater to a certain temperature, and hydrogen and pentachlorochloroethane are introduced into the catalyst Pd/ C's fixed bed tube reactor is fully exposed to the mixing reaction.

Absorption section.The high-temperature gas from the mixer first passes through the waste heat boiler to recover the heat. The gas is then cooled and then cooled in the cooling tower to -4.7°C~19.5°C, and the HF and CF3CH3 can be separated by liquefaction. The mixed gas is then passed into the water circulation tower, HCl is absorbed with fresh water, and the remaining mixed gas is sent to the refining tower for refinement.

Refined section.The refined part is to separate the product from the unreacted raw material to obtain higher purity pentafluoroethane.The use of a rectification column is a complex rectification column. Since the boiling point difference between pentafluoroethane and pentafluorochloroethane is small, methanol and methanol are used as extractants to separate pentafluoroethane and pentafluorochloroethane by extractive distillation.The pentafluorochloroethane was recycled to the reactor.

4. Process parameters

(1) Production capacity: 30000t pentafluoroethane  

  Annual production time: 320 days

  3906.3 kg/h pentafluoroethane

(4) Product specification:

The conversion of pentafluorochloroethane is 74.5% and the selectivity to pentafluoroethane is 74.4%

(5) Other process parameters:

Raw material pentafluorochloroethane temperature: 25°C  

Feeding hydrogen temperature: 25°C

5. Design principles

The design principles mainly include: quality control indicators of products, safety, convenient operation, investment saving, and easy installation.

The design consulted the relevant data and referenced the process parameters of the manufacturer of pentachlorofluoroethane, and determined the process route and production process for the synthesis of pentafluoroethane; followed by the preparation of 30,000 tons per year of hydrofluorodesulfurization rate of pentafluorochloroethane. The design tasks of the pentafluoroethane process are related to material balance and heat balance calculations. Using AUTOCAD, a process flow chart with control point diagrams, workshop equipment layouts and major equipment design drawings is drawn, and a design report is written and written.

Keywords: pentafluorochloroethane; pentafluoroethane; hydrodechlorination

目 录

摘要

1 绪论 1

1.1 介绍 1

1.2 设计任务 2

1.3 五氟乙烷 3

1.3.1 五氟乙烷的性质 3

1.3.2 氯五氟乙烷的性质 4

1.3.3 五氟乙烷的用途 4

1.4 五氟乙烷的安全操作与应急处理 4

1.4.1 操作注意事项 4

1.4.2 操作应急处理 5

1.5 生产工艺条件 5

1.6 五氟乙烷的生产概况 6

1.7 选题的依据和意义 6

2 五氟乙烷的设计方案 7

2.1 五氟乙烷的生产方法 7

2.1.1 HCFC-123气相催化氟化法 7

2.1.2 HCFC-124气相催化氟化法 7

2.1.3 HCFC-124气相催化歧化 [18] 7

2.1.4 四氯乙烯气相催化氟化法 8

2.1.5 四氟乙烯氢氟酸加成法 8

2.1.6 HFC-23裂解加成法 8

2.1.7 HFC-125和HFC-134a联产法 9

2.1.8 CFC-115加氢脱氯法 9

2.2 工艺流程设计 9

2.3 研究方法 10

2.4 车间定员 10

3 物料衡算 11

3.1 反应方程式 11

3.2 衡算基准 11

3.3 物料衡算 11

3.4 总物料衡算表 13

4 热量衡算 14

4.1 比热容 14

4.2 化学反应热 15

4.3 反合釜热量衡算 17

4.3.1 所处理的物料带到设备中去的热量 Q1 17

4.3.2 反应热效应Q3 17

4.3.3 反应产物由设备中带出的热量Q4 18

4.3.4 对Q2的计算 18

4.3.5 对Q6的计算 18