摘要：随着科学技术的不断进步，传统吸波材料已经无法满足所有的要求，而纳米磁性复合材料能够通过软硬磁两相间强烈的交换耦合，同时保留两相的优异磁性能，因此具备满足现代化要求的能力。

本文通过静电纺丝的方法制备了(BaFe12O19)x-(Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4)1-x纳米磁性复合材料，利用扫描电镜显微镜(SEM)，X射线衍射(XRD)和矢量网络分析仪(VNA)对纳米复合纤维进行了表征。研究了不同比例BaFe12O19与Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4对复合材料吸波性能的影响。结果显示：材料的纤维壁上镶嵌有大量的六方形BaFe12O19纳米颗粒，样品的XRD图谱与标准图谱基本吻合，复合材料(BaFe12O19)x-(Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4)1-x具有双吸收峰。在2-12GHz范围内，其吸收能力随着x的增大而减弱，当x=0时，最大反射损耗可以达到–58dB，小于–20dB的频率范围为3.8-8.7GHz；而在Ku波段，吸收峰在x=0.5时可以达到–16dB，小于–10dB的范围为14.0-16.7GHz。

关键词：铁氧体，纳米复合纤维，静电纺丝，软硬磁，吸波材料

Abstract：With the development of science and technology, the traditional absorbing material has been unable to meet all the requirements. However, the nano-magnetic composite material has a strong exchange coupling between the soft and hard magnetic two-phase, while retaining the excellent magnetic wproperties of the two phases,so so have the ability to meet the modernized requirements.

In this paper, (BaFe12O19)x-(Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4)1-x nanomagnetic composites were prepared by electrospinning and it were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and vector network analyzer (VNA).The effect of the ratio of BaFe12O19 and Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4  on the microwave absorbing properties of the composites was studied. The results show that the hexagonal BaFe12O19 nanoparticles are embedded in the fiber walls of the materials. The XRD patterns of the samples are in good agreement with the standard spectra. The composite materials (BaFe12O19)x-(Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4)1-x have double absorption peaks.In the range of 2-12 GHz, the absorption capacity decreases with the decrease of the ratio of Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4. When x=0, the maximum reflection loss can reach -58 dB, the frequency range of less than -20 dB is 3.8-8.7 GHz. In the Ku-band, the absorption peak can reach -16 dB at x=0.5 and the range of less than -10 dB is 14.0-16.7 GHz.

Keywords ： Ferrite; nanocomposite fibers; electrospinning; hard and soft magnetic materials; microwave absorbing materials

目录

第一章绪论 1

1.1电磁辐射的危害及吸波材料的应用 1

1.2电磁波吸收材料的研究现状 2

1.2.1铁氧体吸波材料 2

1.2.2硬磁材料 4

1.2.3软磁材料 5

1.2.4磁性金属吸波材料 6

1.2.5纳米磁性材料 7

1.2.6纳米磁性复合材料 8

1.3吸波原理 8

1.4静电纺丝法 9

第二章纳米磁性复合材料BaFe12O19/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4的制备 13

2.1实验原料与设备 13

2.2BaFe12O19/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4的制备 13

2.3样品的表征 14

第三章纳米复合纤维BaFe12O19/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4的微观结构电磁性能分析 15

3.1纳米复合纤维BaFe12O19/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4的形貌、微观结构 15

3.2纳米复合纤维BaFe12O19/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4的XRD图谱 16

3.3纳米复合纤维BaFe12O19/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4的电磁性能 17

3.4纳米复合纤维BaFe12O19/Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4的微波吸收性能分析 18

3.5小结 22

结论 23

致谢 24

参考文献 25

第一章 绪论

1.1电磁辐射的危害及吸波材料的应用

自从电子以来来，各种各样的电器进入到我们的生活中，其中不乏一些高集成、高频响应和多功能的电子器件和设备，但这些电子仪器在给人们生活带来便利的同时，会产生大量的电子辐射，严重地危害到人类的健康[1-4]。电磁污染已经成为继大气污染、水污染、土污染和噪声污染后威胁人类健康的第五大污染，可见电磁污染的危害如此巨大[5-7]。