摘 要：随着社会经济的发展，生活污水和工业废水大量排入天然水域引发频繁的水华与赤潮，导致水质污染问题日益严重，引起国家和学者的广泛关注。新型天然抑藻剂也顺应时代的发展进入研究热潮。而不同的抑藻剂对藻类产生的抑制作用存在着差异。本实验以对数生长期的小球藻为实验对象。在加入抑藻剂之前，先培养小球藻96h，并每隔24h检测小球藻的吸光度和生长量。通过事先的观察确定小球藻是随着时间的增长，不仅生长量在增长，吸光度也在不断增长。从趋势图中可以看出，生长量的增长和吸光度的增长趋势一致。然后以杨梅素、芹菜素、木犀草素为抑藻剂，浓度为5mg/L、10mg/L、25mg/L、50 mg/L、75 mg/L检测小球藻在0h、24h、72h、96h和120h时叶绿素a含量、暗反应后小球藻的Ft、F、Fm、dF、Fv/Fm等指标。通过实验结果表明，叶绿素a含量随着加入抑藻剂浓度的增加而减少，杨梅素、木犀草素、芹菜素的抑藻率分别为96.67%、95.16%、81.41%，说明抑制作用在高浓度下最为明显。Fv/Fm=Yield是浮游植物潜在最大的光合效率，是反映藻细胞生理的最核心指标.。杨梅素和木犀草素都是浓度为75mg/L的抑制作用最为明显，而芹菜素则是浓度为50mg/L时抑制作用作为明显。说明75mg/L浓度的杨梅素和木犀草素对PSII和PSI之间的电子传递抑制更强，芹菜素则是在50mg/L时最强。最后进行藻胆蛋白含量检测的实验，测量加入抑藻剂后的小球藻在0h、72h、96h内藻胆蛋白含量的变化。其中含量最高的是藻红蛋白（PE），PE值含量的增加说明加入抑藻剂后对小球藻生长环境造成不利的影响，从而抵抗使得藻红蛋白含量的增加。

Abstract：With the development of the society and economy, a large number of domestic sewage and industrial waste water are discharged into natural waters to cause frequent blooms and red tides, which leads to increasingly serious water pollution problems and has aroused widespread concern among countries and scholars. The new natural algal inhibitors also follow the development of the era to enter the research boom. Different algaecides have different inhibitory effects on algae production. In this experiment, the logarithmic growth phase of chlorella as the experimental object. Chlorella was cultured for 96 hours before adding the algaecide, and the absorbance and growth of Chlorella were measured every 24 hours. Through prior observations, it was determined that chlorella increased over time, not only in growth but also in absorbance. From the trend chart, it can be seen that the increase in growth is consistent with the increase in absorbance. Using myricetin, apigenin, and luteolin as algaecides, the concentration of 5mg/L, 10mg/L, 25mg/L, 50mg/L, 75mg/L was detected at 0h, 24h, 72h, 96h. The chlorophyll a content at 120 h and the Ft, F, Fm, dF, Fv/Fm and other indicators of chlorella after dark reaction. The experimental results showed that the content of chlorophyll a decreased with the increase of algaecide concentration. The algal inhibition rates of myricetin, luteolin, and apigenin were 96.67%, 95.16%, and 81.41%. It shows that the inhibition is most obvious at high concentrations. Fv/Fm=Yield is the maximal photosynthetic efficiency of phytoplankton, and it is the core index reflecting the physiology of algae cells. The inhibitory effect of myricetin and luteolin at the concentration of 75 mg/L was the most obvious, while that of apigenin at the concentration of 50 mg/L was significant. It was suggested that the concentration of myricetin and luteolin at 75 mg/L inhibited the electron transfer between PSII and PSI more strongly, while that of apigenin was the strongest at 50 mg/L.Finally, the phycobiliprotein content test was performed to measure the changes of phycobiliprotein content of chlorella fed with algaecides after 0 h, 72 h, and 96 h. The highest content is phycoerythrin (PE). The increase in the content of PE indicates that the addition of myricetin has an adverse effect on the growth environment of Chlorella so that resistance increases the phycoerythrin content.