In this paper, the transcriptome of the Meteorus pulchricornis antennae were sequenced, and 13 gustatory receptor genes, 20 carboxylesterase genes and 15 glutathione-S-transferase genes were identified. Then we examined the expression levels of gustatory receptors in antennae, abdomen and legs, and carboxylesterase and glutathione-S-transferase genes in antennal, abdomen, leg, thorax and ovipositor by real-time quantitative(qRT-RCR).The main results are as follows.

(1) The resulting 13 gustatory receptors were named MpulGR1-13, encoding 75-433 amino acids residuals. There were 1-7 transmembrane domains(TMD), and the similarity with other insects GRs was 25-84% with the highest similarity to Diachasma alloeum. In addition to MpulGR6, the expression level of other MpulGRs in the antennal was higher than in the abdomen and legs. The transcriptional expression levels of 4 MpulGRs (MpulGR5, MpulGR7, MpulGR9 and MpulGR13) in the antennal were approximately 25-115 times higher than those in the abdomen. Phylogenetic tree shows that MpulGRs are more clustered with Nasonia vitripennis, while MpulGR1 is clustered with MmedGR6 recognizing the sugar receptor whichimplied that it may be involved in olfactory related function.

(2) The candidate 20 carboxylesterase genes were named MpulCXE1-20, encoding 222-667 amino acids residuals. The similarity with other insects CXEs was 40-79%, and two of the MpulCXEs had the highest similarity with Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. The transcriptional expression levels of 5 MpulCXEs (MpulCXE1, MpulCXE2, MpulCXE3, MpulCXE14 and MpulCXE20) in the antennal were expressed approximately 2000-200000 times higher than those in the abdomen. This suggested that there was a remarkable tissue-specific and antennae-biased expression pattern of CXEs in M. pulchricornis. Phylogenetic tree shows that the CXEs were clustered into two groups, and the CXEs expressed at high levels of antennae were similar with the evolutionary relationships of Cephus cincyus and Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, which indicated that they could participate in detoxification.

(3) The candidate 15 glutathione-S-transferase genes were named MpulGST1-15, encoding 58-241 amino acids residuals and failed to detect signal peptides(SP). The similarity with GSTs in other insects was from 33% to 92%, and more than 51% to GSTs in Nasonia vitripennis. The transcriptional expression levels of 5 MpulGSTs (MpulGST2, MpulGST3, MpulGST7, MpulGST8 and MpulGR9) in the antennae were approximately 6-13000 times higher than those in the abdomen. In the evolutionary relationship, the scenario that MpulGSTs expressed at high levels in antennae was similar with that of Microplitis mediator, predicted they could participate in degradating odor molecules to gurantee the sensitivity of olfactory system.

In the present study, the expression characteristics of gustatory receptors, carboxylesterase and glutathione-S-transferase genes in the antennae of Meteorus pulchricornis were studied, which would provide an improved understandings of mechanism of the olfactory behavior, and a strong theoretical foundation for the further research on the management of the resistance genes in agricultural pests.

Keywords: Meteorus pulchricornis; antennae; gustatory receptor; carboxylesterase; glutathione-S-transferase; expression analysis

目  录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1昆虫的嗅觉机制 1

1.2昆虫嗅觉相关基因的介绍 2

1.2.1味觉受体（GRS） 2

1.2.2羧酸酯酶（CXES） 2

1.2.3谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（GSTS） 3

1.3斑痣悬茧蜂及寄主斜纹夜蛾的生物学特性 4

1.3.1斑痣悬茧蜂的生物学特性 4

1.3.2斜纹夜蛾的生物学特性 5

1.4本课题的研究目的和主要内容 6

1.4.1本课题的研究目的及意义 6

1.4.2主要内容 6

1.5技术路线 7LL

第二章 实验材料和方法 8

2.1供试昆虫 8

2.2实验试剂和仪器 8

2.2.1主要仪器设备 8

2.2.2主要试剂 8

2.3实验方法 9