摘要：为解决萱草杂交育种过程中花期不遇、异地杂交等问题，以‘金娃娃’为试材，采用TTC染色法对‘金娃娃’花粉分别在高温干燥、高温湿润两种不同环境条件下一天内花粉活力变化进行测定，并研究了25℃、4℃、-20℃、-75℃四个贮藏温度对萱草花粉活力的影响情况。同时测定二倍体品种‘金娃娃’、‘亥伯龙神’和四倍体品种‘弦乐’、‘贝拉’的花粉活力，研究花粉活力与植物倍性的关系。结果表明：不同萱草品种在花粉活力上有差异，二倍体品种比四倍体高；一天内早晨7点时萱草花粉活力达到最高值，花粉采集应选择高温湿润的环境条件时为佳；不同贮藏条件下，花粉活力变化有很大差异。常温25℃贮藏时，花粉活力下降最快，贮藏28d后全部丧失活力；在4℃贮藏条件下保存7d时活力可达到68.84%，利于短期贮藏；若长期贮藏，则应该选择-75℃的温度条件，-75℃贮藏条件下保存42d后‘金娃娃’花粉活力仍可达到39.96%。

关键词：大花萱草；花粉；活力；储藏温度

Studies on Pollen Storage Technology for Hemerocallis

Abstract In order to overcome the problem of poor flowering infertility in Hemerocallis cross breeding, we use ‘Jin wawa’ pollens as materials，the pollen viability of ‘Jin wawa’ during two different environmental conditions within a day at high temperature and dry or humid was tested by TTC staining, and effects on Hemerocallis pollen viabilities were researched at 25℃, 4 ℃ , －20 ℃ , －80 ℃ . Pollen viability of diploid varieties ‘Jin wawa’、‘Haibo longshen’ and tetraploid ‘Xianyue’、‘Beila’ were determined, study on the relationship between pollen vigor and plant ploidy The results showed that different varieties of Hemerocallis are different in pollen vitality, the pollen viability of diploid hemerocallis species is higher than that of tetraploid plants. the pollen viability of Hemerocallis was highest at 7 o 'clock in the morning, and the pollen collection should be preferred when the temperature was high and humidity was wet. The viability of pollens was different under different storage conditions and temperatures. The pollens stored at room temperature decreased was the fastest, as it lost viabilities totally after 28 days of storage. More appropriate temperature for pollen short-term storage was 4 ℃, and viability rate still was 68.84% after 7 days of storage. More appropriate temperature for pollen long-term storage was －75 ℃ , and viability rate still was 39.96% after 42 days of storage.

Key words: Hemerocallis; pollen；dynamic；storage temperature

目录

目录 1

1  前言 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.1.1形态特征 1

1.1.2生长习性 1

1.1.3栽培管理 1

1.2 萱草的观赏价值 1

1.3 萱草的药用价值及功效 2

1.4 萱草研究概况与进展 2

1.5研究内容 3

1.6项目研究意义与目的 4

2  材料与方法 5

2.1 实验材料 5

2.1.1 萱草品种 5

2.1.2 实验器材及主要试剂 5

2.2 实验方法 5

2.2.1 不同环境一天内花粉活力 5

2.2.2 不同倍性萱草花粉活力测定 5

2.2.3 花粉贮藏性研究 5

2.3 项目测定 6

2.3.1 采集花粉 6

2.3.2 花粉活力测定 6

2.4 数据分析 6

3结果与分析 7

3.1 两种环境条件对花粉活力的影响 7

3.1.1 高温干燥条件一天内对‘金娃娃’萱草花粉活力的影响 7

3.1.2 高温湿润条件一天内对‘金娃娃’萱草花粉活力的影响 7

3.1.3 两种环境条件对花粉活力的影响 7

3.2 不同品种萱草的花粉活力比较 9

3.3 不同贮藏温度对花粉活力的影响 10

4  讨论与结论 13

4.1 讨论 13

4.1.1 关于花粉采集的气候和时间 13

4.1.2关于不同品种花粉活力的差异 14

4.1.3关于花粉储藏条件的研究 14