摘    要：大孔树脂分离技术是一种新型高效的绿色分离技术，多年来广泛应用于中草药活性成分的提取纯化,具有广阔的发展前景。

黄酮类具有抗炎抗菌和抗病毒活性等，具有极高的生理药用价值。加拿大一枝黄花花序富含黄酮，可作为提取原料。

采用大孔树脂从加拿大一枝黄花花序组织中浓缩提取出总黄酮并对其进行抗氧化研究。以吸附率及解吸附率为指标，从五种树脂D101、AB-8、NKA-9、D001x7、D3520中筛选出适宜纯化花序总黄酮的树脂为NKA-9。为了获得最佳工艺条件，分别进行了NKA-9树脂的静态及动态实验，考察上样液pH、料液比、解吸附剂浓度、解吸附剂pH等对树脂吸附与解吸附性能的影响，并采用Langmuir吸附等温方程和Freundlich吸附等温方程模拟吸附过程。利用DPPH、ABTS、羟基自由基为底物进行抗氧化研究.结果：NKA-9纯化花序总黄酮最佳工艺条件为上样溶液pH值4，料液比1:30,上样流速2 mL/min，解吸附pH值8，解吸附乙醇浓度70%，解吸附流速3 mL/min，花序总黄酮对DPPH、ABTS、羟基自由基的IC50分别为9.2 µg/mL、18.6 µg/mL、35.1 µg/mL，因此具有一定抗氧化活性。Langmuir吸附等温方程能更好模拟吸附过程。通过NKA-9树脂分离纯化，加拿大一枝黄花花序总黄酮纯度提高了3.47倍。

关键词：加拿大一枝黄花；花序；总黄酮；大孔树脂；抗氧化

Abstract：Macroporous resin separation technology is a new and efficient green separation technology. It has been widely used in the extraction and purification of active components of Chinese herbal medicine for many years, and has broad prospects for development.

Flavonoids have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antiviral activity and have high physiological medicinal value. The inflorescence contains flavonoids which can be used as the extraction of raw materials.

The aim was to extract the flavonoids from inflorescence tissue of Solidago canadensis L. with macroporous resin and study their antioxidant activities. With the adsorption rate and resolution rate as the index, NKA-9 resin is the best choice from the five resins D101, AB-8, NKA-9, D001x7 and D3520. In order to obtain the optimal conditions, the static and dynamic experiments of NKA-9 resin were carried out. The effects of pH, the solid- liquid ratio, the concentration of analytic agent and the analytical agent pH on the adsorption of resin were investigated. Antioxidant studies were carried out by using DPPH, ABST and hydroxyl radicals as substrates. The adsorption process was simulated by using Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation and Freundlich adsorption isotherm equation. Results: sample solution pH 4, solid-liquid ratio 1:30, the rate 2 mL/min, the eluent is 70% ethanol of pH value of 8 and rate of 3 mL/min. The flavonoids had definite scavenging effect on DPPH、ABTS and hydroxyl radicals, the IC50 were 9.2 µg/mL, 18.6 µg/mL and 35.1 µg/mL respectively. Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation can better simulate the adsorption process. The purity of total flavonoids from inflorescence tissue in Solidago canadensis L. was increased by 3.47 times by NKA-9 resin isolation.

Keywords: Solidago canadensis L; Inflorescence; total flavonoids; macroporous resin; antioxidation

目  录

第一章 绪 论 1

1.1引言 1

1.2加拿大一枝黄花概述 1

1.2.1加拿大一枝黄花简介 1

1.2.2加拿大一枝黄花成分分析 2

1.2.3加拿大一枝黄花药理作用 2

1.3黄酮类化合物的结构与性质 3

1.3.1黄酮类化合物的结构与分类 3

1.3.2黄酮类化合物的性质 4

1.3.3黄酮类化合物的生理活性 4

1.4黄酮类化合物常规提取分离方法 5

1.4.1溶剂提取法 5

1.4.2酶解法 6

1.4.3超声，微波辅助提取法 7

1.4.4碱性水提法 7

1.5黄酮类化合物分离纯化方法 7