摘要：本试验所探究的唇柱苣苔属植物属苦苣苔科，多为多年生植物，亦存在少许一年生植物，具备极高观赏性的同时还可作为药材使用；现国内外已经逐渐对其展开了一系列研究，但是研究所包含的内容尚不够广泛与全面。本试验测定唇柱苣苔属植物叶片组织在不同的高、低温梯度条件下的细胞渗漏液的电导率变化，即植物受胁迫后所产生变动的电解质渗出率，其高温和低温半致死温度（LT50）由Logistic方程所拟合曲线的拐点确定。结果表明，经一系列高温和低温胁迫对八种唇柱苣苔属植物造成损伤所导致的电解质渗出率的变化曲线均呈现出 “S”型，符合客观规律；选取曲线拐点确定这八种唇柱苣苔属植物的高温和低温半致死温度，高温半致死温度范围为35.8～45.5℃，其中软叶唇柱苣苔的高温半致死温度为45.5℃，耐热性最强，而烟叶唇柱苣苔的高温半致死为35.8℃，耐热性最弱。而低温半致死温度范围为-15.4～1.6℃，其中两广唇柱苣苔的低温半致死温度为-15.4℃，抗寒性最强，而石蝴蝶状报春苣苔的低温半致死为1.6℃，抗寒性最弱。同时结合此八种植物的地理分布，分析其温度适应性，旨在为唇柱苣苔属植物的开发应用和园艺栽培提供基础资料。

关键词： 唇柱苣苔属；半致死温度；电解质渗出率；Logistic方程

Research on low and high semi-lethal temperature of several Chirita species

Abstract: Chirita are perennial or annual herbs of Gesneriaceae genus, with high ornamental and that can also be used as medicinal materials. At present,a series of researches have been carried out at home and abroad, but the contents of those are not extensive enough and comprehensive. This experiment treated leaf discs of Chirita species at different high and low temperature conditions, measuring the changes of electrolyte leakage rate and calculated the both semi-lethal low and high temperature(LT50), fitted by Logistic equation. The results showed that the relationship between the processing temperature and the electrolyte leakage rate of several Chirita species was a typical “S” shaped curve, following the Logistic equation. The semi-lethal high temperature of several Chirita species, determined by the curve fitted by Logistic, varied from 35.8 to 45.5℃. The semi-lethal high temperature of Chirita mollifolia was 45.5℃,which has the strongest capability to resist high temperatures, and Chirita heterotricha was 35.8℃,which is the weakest. The semi-lethal low temperature of study Chirita species varied from -15.4 to 1.6℃. Chirita sinensis was -15.4℃,which has the strongest capability to resist low temperatures, on the contrary, Chirita petrocosmeoides was 1.6℃,which is the weakest. Analyzing the temperature adaptability of study Chirita, in combination with the geographical distribution to provide a basic reference for not only the development and application but also the horticultural cultivation of Chirita species.

Key words: Chirita; semi-lethal temperature; electrolyte leakage; Logistic equation

目录

1 绪论 1

1.1 苦苣苔科植物 1

1.2 唇柱苣苔属植物的形态特征和分类 1

1.3 唇柱苣苔属植物的相关园艺应用 2

1.4 唇柱苣苔属植物的半致死温度及其研究意义 2

2 材料与方法 3

2.1 准备试验材料 3

2.2 试验时间及地点 4

2.3 试验使用设备及仪器 4

2.4 试验操作步骤 5

2.4.1唇柱苣苔在高温胁迫下的半致死温度测定 5

2.4.2 唇柱苣苔在低温胁迫下的半致死温度测定 5

2.4.3 Logistic方程拟合和半致死温度计算 6

3 结果与分析 6

3.1 半致死温度的总体规律 6

3.1.1 高温半致死温度 6

3.1.2 低温半致死温度 7

3.2 各品种半致死温度的具体结果 7

3.2.1 软叶唇柱苣苔（Chirita mollifolia D.Fanget Y.G.Wei） 7