微波法辅助制备硫酸酯化紫薯水溶性膳食纤维

在本次试验中,借助微波法辅助制备紫薯中水溶性膳食纤维,用响应面法分析得到最佳工艺条件,并将水溶性膳食纤维硫酸酯化,用红外光谱法测定水溶性膳食纤维是否被取代。


摘要:以紫薯为原料,采用微波法提取紫薯水溶性膳食纤维,选取液料比、浸泡时间、微波功率、微波时间等四个因素,研究其对水溶性膳食纤维得率的影响。通过单因素实验和响应面法分析,对工艺参数进行优化分析。结果表明,紫薯中水溶性膳食纤维提取的最佳条件是:液料比40mL/g,浸泡时间50.26min,微波功率为639.43W,微波时间为4min。在此条件下,紫薯中水溶性膳食纤维得率为58.55%,对得到的浅粉色、松散粉末状的紫薯水溶性膳食纤维进行硫酸酯化,并通过红外光谱法进行分析,结果显示硫酸酯化的紫薯水溶性膳食纤维的基团已经被取代。

关键词:紫薯;水溶性膳食纤维;微波法;硫酸酯化;响应面法

Optimization of Microwave Method Extraction of Sulfating Water Soluble Dietary Fiber from Purple Sweet Potato

Abstract: Soluble dietary fiber from purple sweet potato was studied through the method of microwave extraction. The effect of four factors on the yield of water-soluble dietary fiber were studied by the ratio of the raw material to the citric acid, the soaking time, the microwave power and the microwave time. It concluded that the optimization of the process parameters could be obtained through single factor experiment and response surface method. The optimum conditions for extracting water soluble dietary fiber from purple sweet potato showed that liquid-material ratio was 40mL/g, soaking time was 50.26min, microwave power was 639.43W and microwave time was 4min. Under these conditions, the yield of water soluble dietary fiber in purple sweet potato was 58.55%, the result showed that  purple sweet potato soluble dietary fiber was light pink and scentless products. It indicated that the water soluble dietary fiber of the purple sweet potato has been replaced through the infrared spectroscopy.

Key words: Purple sweet potato; Soluble dietary fiber; Microwave extraction; Sulfation; Response surface methodology

目录

摘要 1

引言 2

1实验材料与方法 2

1.1实验材料 2

1.1.1实验原料和试剂 2

1.1.2主要仪器设备 2

1.2试验方法 3

1.2.1工艺流程与操作方法 3

1.2.2单因素实验 4

1.2.3方差分析 4

1.2.4响应面法实验分析 4

1.2.5紫薯SDF的硫酸酯化 4

1.2.6傅立叶红外光谱测定 4

2实验结果与分析 5

2.1单因素实验结果分析 5

2.1.1液料比对紫薯SDF得率的影响 5

2.1.2浸泡时间对紫薯SDF得率的影响 5

2.1.3微波功率对紫薯SDF得率的影响 6

2.1.4微波时间对紫薯SDF得率的影响 7

2.2单因素实验方差分析 7

2.3响应面法实验分析 8

2.3.1回归模型的建立与分析 8

2.3.2影响紫薯SDF得率条件的响应面模型分析 9

2.4最佳条件验证性实验 11

2.5紫薯SSDF的红外光谱测定与分析 12

3结果与讨论 133

参考文献 133

致谢 135

微波法辅助制备硫酸酯化紫薯水溶性膳食纤维

引言

紫薯为旋花科番薯属缠绕藤本植物,又叫黑薯[1]。它不但含有普通的番薯类作物共有的营养成分,还富含有多糖和黄酮类物质,特别是含有人体所需的硒元素和花青素,具有抗癌、预防高血压等重要功能意义。紫薯中富含淀粉、纤维素、氨基酸等人体所必须的营养物质,其中纤维素中的膳食纤维有促进肠胃消化、清除体内有毒物质、预防高血压和抗癌的功能[2],还可以加强人体消化功能的调节,清理出残留在人体中的有毒物质和致癌物质,保持正常排泄的通畅,增加免疫系统的保护,进而防止肠胃病的发生[3]。在近期的日本国家蔬菜癌症研究中心,还被誉为“抗癌蔬菜”。

膳食纤维还可以预防心脑血管疾病,在药物中应用广泛[4]。而水溶性膳食纤维(SDF)在膳食纤维中占据重要地位,对人体代谢起着不可或缺的作用[5]。提取紫薯中的水溶性膳食纤维的方法主要有酶法、水提法、微波法,酶法和水提法提取紫薯SDF时溶剂用量多、耗时长、产率低,但微波法相比较于酶法和水提法具有实验步骤简单、操作方便快捷、溶剂使用量少,显然优于酶法和水提醇沉法,提高了紫薯SDF得率。用微波法提取植物中的多糖在工业中已有很多应用[6],但用微波法辅助制备紫薯中的膳食纤维的研究则很少[7]。本研究是借助微波法辅助提取紫薯水溶性膳食纤维,利用响应面法分析得出最优工艺条件,最后硫酸酯化紫薯SDF,以获得具有较好生物活性的紫薯SSDF。