摘要：2014年教育部、国家体育总局联合印发了《关于推进学校体育场馆向社会开放的实施意见》,意见中明确规定了学校体育场馆向社会开放的四个主要原则：坚持政府统筹，多方参与；坚持因地制宜，有序推进；坚持校内优先，安全为重；坚持服务公众，体现公益。2015年国家总局出台《大型体育场馆免费低收费开放补助资金管理办法》，强调规范和加强大型体育场馆向社会免费或低收费开放补助资金的实施与管理。当前，学校体育场馆对外开放状况仍不理想，经常出现学校周边的居民想锻炼场馆却不足的现象。

本文采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、统计分析法、访谈法、逻辑分析法等，对杭州师范大学体育场馆对外开放现状进行调查，进一步提出体育场馆开放中存在的问题,最后根据这些问题提出相应对策。研究结果表明：（1）杭州师范大学的所有体育场馆中，大部分仅对内开放，如体操馆、武术馆、健美操馆、排球馆、羽毛球馆、篮球馆，其对内开馆和闭馆的时间均一致，开馆时间为早上6：30，闭馆时间为晚上8:30。而对外开放的体育场馆只有游泳馆和健身馆。其中，游泳馆于上午8:30开馆，晚上8:30闭馆；健身房则于上午10:00开馆，晚上9:30闭馆;（2）杭州师范大学体育场馆对外开放率较低，只有两个体育场馆实行对外开放，游泳馆一天开放2次，健身馆10:00到21:30对外开放，一天一次；（3）杭州师范大学体育场馆收费标准较校外运动场所的收费要低；（4）体育场馆的维护内容包括：体育场馆设施损坏的维护报修方面；体育场馆卫生方面 ；体育场馆的安全设施的维护报修方面。通过本次调查研究发现，杭州师范大学体育场馆维护情况并不理想；（5）居民对杭州师范大学体育场馆对外开放情况满意度较低，因此，杭州师范大学体育场馆对外开放度应扩大;据实际调查和上网查阅文献得出，影响体育场馆对外开放的因素有：体育资源紧缺、安全因素、管理制度不完善、教学冲突等； 根据杭州师范大学体育场馆对外开放中存在的问题，提出相应的对策：1转换观念意识，明确学校体育场馆功能定位；2健全管理制度，增加体育场馆的管理人员和维护人员，提高管理和维护力度；3加大开放力度，促进资源合理利用，减缓需求矛盾。

关键词：杭州师范大学； 体育场馆； 对外开放； 体育场馆对外开放

Abstract：In 2014, the Ministry of education and the state general administration of sports jointly issued the opinions on the implementation of promoting the opening of school stadiums and gymnasiums to the public, which clearly set out four main principles for the opening of school stadiums and gymnasiums to the public: adhering to the overall planning of the government and participating in various aspects; Adhere to local conditions, orderly progress; Adhere to the school priority, safety first; Adhere to the service of the public, reflect the public welfare. In 2015, the state administration issued the measures for the administration of free and low - charge open subsidy funds for large stadiums and gymnasiums, emphasizing the standardization and strengthening of the implementation and management of free and low - charge open subsidy funds for large stadiums and gymnasiums to the public. At present, the opening of school stadiums and gymnasiums to the outside world is still not ideal.

In this paper, literature, questionnaire survey, statistical analysis, interviews, logical analysis, etc., to investigate the status quo of the opening of stadiums and gymnasiums in Hangzhou normal university, and further put forward the problems existing in the opening of stadiums and gymnasiums, and finally put forward the corresponding countermeasures according to these problems. The results show that: ( 1 ) most of the stadiums in Hangzhou normal university are open only to the inside, such as gymnastics, martial arts, aerobics, volleyball, badminton and basketball. the opening time is 6: 30 in the morning and 8: 30 in the evening. The only stadiums open to the outside world are natatoriums and gyms. Among them, the natatorium opened at 8: 30 a.m and closed at 8: 30 p.m; The gym opens at 10: 00 a.m and closes at 9: 30 p.m. ( 2 ) the opening rate of stadiums and gymnasiums in Hangzhou normal university is low, only two stadiums and gymnasiums are open to the outside world twice a day, and the gymnasium is open to the outside world from 10: 00 to 21: 30, once a day; ( 3 ) the charges for stadiums and gymnasiums of Hangzhou normal university are lower than those for off-campus stadiums and gymnasiums; ( 4 ) maintenance of stadiums and gymnasiums includes: maintenance and repair of damaged stadiums and gymnasiums; Health aspects of stadiums and gymnasiums; Maintenance and repair of safety facilities in stadiums and gymnasiums. Through this investigation, it is found that the maintenance of stadiums and gymnasiums in Hangzhou normal university is not ideal. ( 5 ) residents' satisfaction with the opening of stadiums and gymnasiums in Hangzhou normal university is low, so the opening of stadiums and gymnasiums in Hangzhou normal university should be expanded. According to the actual investigation and internet access to literature, the factors affecting the opening of stadiums and gymnasiums are: sports resources shortage, security factors, imperfect management system, teaching conflict, etc. According to the problems existing in the opening up of stadiums and gymnasiums in Hangzhou normal university, this paper puts forward some corresponding countermeasures: 1. to change the concept consciousness and define the function orientation of stadiums and gymnasiums in Hangzhou normal university; 2 improve the management system, increase the stadium management and maintenance personnel, improve the management and maintenance efforts; 3 to increase openness, promote the rational use of resources, slow down the contradiction between demand;