摘要：目前，健美操运动及其研究主要集中于高校，因此加强中小学生健美操运动研究，促进其在学校领域内整体协调发展已成学校健美操应着重解决的问题之一。本文通过问卷调查法、实验对比法、访谈法等方法对平江县戴市小学五年级学生进行健美操课教学实验，通过对比研究发现：

一、健美操课训练能明显提高学生身体素质水平

1.实验前实验组和对照组学生身体素质水平基本持平，同性别间无明显差异。2.实验后学生整体身体素质水平有明显提高，具体表现为：①肺活量、一分钟仰卧起坐、坐位体前屈、一分钟跳绳测试结果明显提高（p＜0.05）。②男生一分钟跳绳、一分钟仰卧起坐、坐位体前屈测试结果明显提高（p＜0.05）。③女生一分钟跳绳、坐位体前屈测试结果明显提高（p＜0.05）。④50米和50米×8往返跑成绩虽有所提升，但幅度不明显，反映出健美操课训练明显提高了学生的心肺功能、下肢柔韧性、爆发力、弹跳力、全身协调等身体素质水平，但速度和耐力提升不明显；此外，对男生身体素质的影响大于女生。

二、健美操课程训练能明显提高学生心理健康水平

1.实验前，实验组和对照组学生整体心理健康水平无明显差异，同性别间无明显差异。2.实验后发现，健美操对学生心理健康水平有较显著改善，具体表现为①六项主要指标：学习焦虑、对人焦虑、身体症状、敏感倾向、冲动倾向、孤独倾向均有显著性改善(p<0,05)，特别是在学习焦虑、对人焦虑方面有非常显著性改善(p<0.001)。②存在性别差异，对男生心理影响高于女生。③在恐怖倾向和自责倾向方面无显著差异，说明健美操课训练能帮助学生调节学习压力、改善学习氛围，提高集体意识和适应能力，培养克服困难，顽强拼搏的精神，增强自信心。

建议：1.健美操运动普及性强，对场地、器材方面要求低，尤其适合在农村、山区学校开展。2.健美操教学过程中应合理增加上肢动作训练量。3.健美操课训练应增加双人配合、多人协作、集体游戏等方式，促进学生间的交流。

   关键词：小学高年级  健美操课 身心健康 实验研究

Abstract：At present, aerobics and research focused on college students, strengthen the Aerobics Research, promote the school field in the overall coordination of the development of modern education has become one of the problems to be solved. In this paper, through questionnaire survey, experimental comparison, interviews and other methods, Pingjiang County Primary School Students in grade five aerobics teaching experiment, comparative study found:  

First, aerobics training can obviously improve the physical quality of students

1. before the experiment, the physical quality of the students in the experimental group and the control group were basically the same, but there was no significant difference between the same sex group. 2. after the experiment, the overall physical quality of the students was significantly improved, and the specific manifestations were: lung capacity, one minute sit ups, sitting position, flexion, one minute rope skipping test results were significantly improved (P < 0.05). The results of one minute rope skipping, one minute sit up and sitting forward flexion test were obviously improved (P < 0.05). The results of female skipping and sitting flexion test improved significantly (P < 0.05). The 50 meters and 50 meters x 8 shuttle run performance despite the increase, but the rate is not obvious, reflects the course of aerobics training can significantly improve the students' physical qualities of the heart and lung function, lower limb flexibility, explosive force, spring force, coordination, but the speed and endurance is not obvious; in addition, the comprehensive effect of physical quality of boys than girls.