摘要：有机过氧化物是一类重要的化工产品，主要用于聚合反应中的交联剂和引发剂。但是这类物质分子结构中含有过氧键，在一定条件下易发生热分解失控反应，导致严重安全事故。为了获得有机过氧化物的热稳定性及其影响因素，本论文利用差示扫描量热仪 (DSC)分别对过氧化氢异丙苯 (CHP)、过氧化二异丙苯 (DCPO)、二叔丁基过氧化物 (DTBP)和过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯 (TBPB) 4种有机过氧化物的热分解特性进行研究，获得了在动态条件下的起始分解温度以及比放热量等重要参数，并利用AKTS软件进行了热分解动力学计算，得到了热分解活化能，分别为：80 kJ/mol (CHP)、133 kJ/mol (DCPO)、125 kJ/mol (DTBP)、150 kJ/mol (TBPB)。此外，本文对上述过氧化物的水、甲苯、二氯甲烷、二甲亚砜、氯化钠、无水硫酸钠6种混合体系进行了热稳定性分析，初步获得了不同物质对其热稳定性的影响结果。结果表明，水、甲苯、二甲亚砜、二氯甲烷、硫酸钠和氯化钠6种物质都使CHP起始分解温度提前；水、二甲亚砜、二氯甲烷使DCPO的起始分解温度提前；二氯甲烷、二甲亚砜、硫酸钠和氯化钠使TBPB的起始分解温度提前；DTBP的起始分解温度几乎不受这6种物质影响。

关键词  有机过氧化物  差示扫描量热  动力学分析  起始分解温度  热稳定性

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title        Thermal Stability Analysis of Several Organic Peroxides      

Abstract：As a part of important chemical products, organic peroxides are mainly used as initiator and cross-linking agent in the polymerization reaction. However, the molecular structure of such substances contain peroxy bonds, which prone reaction out of control under certain conditions, and lead to serious accidents. To obtain the thermal stability of the organic peroxide and the influencing factors, thermal decomposition of pure and impurity systems of cumene hydroperoxide (CHP), dicumyl peroxide (DCPO), Di-tert-butyl peroxide (DTBP) and tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (TBPB) were studied by using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The important parameters such as the initial decomposition temperature and the heat were obtained. The relationship between the reaction progress and temperature and the thermal decomposition activation energy were obtained by using a thermal decomposition kinetics calculation in AKTS software. The activation energies of the 4 organic peroxides were 80 kJ/mol, 133 kJ/mol, 125 kJ/mol and 150 kJ/mol. In addition, the thermal stability of the 6 solutions and impurity systems of the above-mentioned peroxides were studied, and the influence of different impurities on the thermal stability was obtained. The results show that water, toluene, dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane, sodium sulfate and sodium chloride can reduce the initial decomposition temperature of CHP. Water, dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane can reduce the initial decomposition temperature of DCPO. Dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane, sodium sulfate and sodium chloride can reduce the initial decomposition temperature of TBPB. And the initial decomposition temperature of the DTBP is hardly affected by these 6 impurities.

Keywords  Organic peroxides  Differential scanning calorimetry  Thermal decomposition kinetics  Onset decomposition temperature  Thermal stability

目   次

1  绪论 1

1.1  课题背景及意义 1

1.2  国内外研究现状 2

1.2.1  有机过氧化物自身的热稳定性分析 2

1.2.2  有机过氧化物热稳定性影响因素研究现状 3

1.3  研究内容及方法 4

2  实验及理论基础 6

2.1  DSC基本原理与实验方法 6

2.1.1  DSC基本原理 6

2.1.2  实验方法 6

2.2  热分析动力学 6