Ribavirin, also known as virazole, is a synthetic, potent, broad-spectrum, potent nucleoside antiviral drug that can inhibit the synthesis of many DNA and RNA to a certain extent. Therefore, it has a wide range of uses and plays an important role in the field of medicine. Because ribavirin has low toxicity and has a definite curative effect, our country has included this drug in the category of Medicare A drugs. At present, domestic medicine is involved in the application of ribavirin in respiratory, pediatric and infectious diseases. It has been found that its control of viral diseases is particularly evident. Therefore, it is mainly used to treat chronic hepatitis C and epidemic hemorrhage. Many clinical cases in China have proven that ribavirin has therapeutic effects on epidemic hemorrhagic fever. The early treatment of the disease is more effective. It can reduce the mortality rate, reduce the damage to the kidneys, and reduce the possibility of bleeding , thereby improving the patient's condition, etc. [5]. China's latest "Clinic Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Hepatitis C" shows that if positive hepatitis C virus is detected in serum or plasma, antiviral treatment should be taken immediately. The antiviral treatments referred to here are the following two: one is the use of common interferon-x (IFNa) or consensus interferon combined with ribavirin; the second is the use of pegylated interferon (PEG-IFNa) combined with ribavirin. The latter antiviral treatment regimen has so far proved to be the best, and it turns out that the above two treatment regimens are more effective than IFNc alone. In 1991, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved IFNa for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. In 1994, it adopted the IFN regimen with the regimen of ribavirin. Since then, the treatment of chronic hepatitis C has begun to be optimistic. Currently, ribavirin preparations such as nebulizers and oral preparations have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. In recent years, the clinical use of ribavirin has become more and more common, and new effects of drugs have been discovered. Ribavirin has a vast market and good development prospects, and it has been rising in the pharmaceutical market. The sales records, many pharmaceutical companies, especially some large Ribavirin API manufacturing companies want to increase the production of ribavirin to ensure that the demand for drugs in all regions and levels are met [6,7].

At present, there are many ways to produce ribavirin, including chemical synthesis, mildew, fermentation, and engineering ribavirin. In China, chemical synthesis is the main method of industrial production of ribavirin. Generally, guanosine and tetraacetylribose are used as raw materials.Under the catalysis of bisphosphonates, they are condensed at 160°C and then subjected to aminolysis.  However, when the condensation temperature is high, the raw materials are easily decomposed, so the yield is low. Next, the high-pressure reaction takes several tens of hours for the aminolysis. In addition, the preparation of 1H-1,2,4-triazole-3carboxylic acid methyl ester requires a diazotization reaction, which has problems such as explosiveness, complicated operation process, difficult operation, and serious environmental pollution. This is a problem in industrial production. Subject to certain restrictions.In 2008, Ribavirin's production methods and synthetic routes were improved on the basis of the original. In order to make the raw materials no longer difficult to obtain, the reaction conditions are mild, and the intermediates do not need to be separated and purified. The actual operation is simpler. After the improvement, the total yield can reach 64.8% and the purity can reach 99%. In the end, the yield and purity of ribavirin can be greatly increased. After this process design, the production scale can be maximized [8].

In today's society, a large number of chemical products enter our lives and play an important role in our lives, resulting in the rapid development of the chemical industry. Whether in scientific research or chemical production, chemical process design is particularly important. Improving the design level and quality to ensure the product's production quality is a prerequisite for the long-term development of the chemical industry. All in all, design is an important guarantee for the transformation of scientific research results into production results, and is the only way which must be passsed.