摘 要：约翰·斯泰洛齐（1746-1827）是瑞士著名的教育理论家和教育实践家，他继承了卢梭的教育适应自然思想，并在此基础上形成自己的自然主义教育理论，并在教育实践中大放异彩，本文通过介绍裴斯泰洛齐的自然主义教育思想来探究其对当前儿童教育的启示，从而进一步地解释了自然主义思想下的师生关系，具有科学根据，符合教育的基本规律，对现在的教育教学活动具有重要的指导意义。

关键词：裴斯泰洛齐；幼儿教育；启示

Abstract：Johan Heinrich Pestalozzi (1746~1827) was the famous Swiss education theorist and education practitioner, he inherited Rousseau’s education to adapt to the nature thoughts, and on this basis, form their own naturalism education theory, and shine in the education practice, this article through the introduction of the naturalism of Pestalozzi’s thinking to explore its enlightenment to the current children’s education. Meanwhile, it benefical for educator in the process of teaching.

Key words: Pestalozzi; preschool education; enlightenment

Contents

摘 要 i

Abstract ii

I. Introduction 1

II. The Connotation of the Naturalistic Education Thought 1

III. Pestalozzi’s Naturalistic Education Thought 3

3.1 Ideological basis of Naturalism 3

3.2 Naturalism education idea and education purpose 4

IV. Enlightenment to the Current Preschool Education 5

4.1 Following the characteristics of child’s physical and mental development of education 5

4.2 Setting up the idea which children be put in the first 7

4.3 Loving、respecting and trusting students 8

V. The Relationship Between Teachers and Students under the Naturalism Thought 9

VI. Conclusion 11

Bibliography 12

Acknowledgements 13

Pestalozzi’s Naturalistic Education Thought and Its Revelation for the preschool education

I. Introduction

Under the concept of lifelong education, education become the important link of lifelong learning, all according to the development of education, a man without education can’t obtain the human nature, because the nature of man is not perfect, is just a natural creatures, and the task is by education and ego education make yourself into a perfect, realize self, his masterpiece in this way, make it become the perfect. But the real education is only starting from the unity of human nature, to strengthen and vibrant, is a strong education. Nowadays under the background of quality education, how to make the students grow up, need to look for the answer from the thoughts of the wise. Pestalozzi education theory mainly comes from the education practice, its core is the ability training, its purpose lies in all the talents of all-round harmonious development strength and ability, the essence of the method is to evoke a variety of talent’s inner ability, for the current primary and secondary school education has a very good guide.

II. The Connotation of the Naturalistic Education Thought

Naturalism education thoughts originated in ancient Greece. Philosopher Aristotle put forward first time that education should be the principle of “imitate nature”, he once said: “the purpose of education and its role as the general art, original in imitating nature, and any gaps of nature to the diligent patched up.” He thinks, the person’s growth process was followed by the body, irrational spirit and rational spirit. Aristotle’s natural education played a cornerstone role for the development western naturalism education thought. Meanwhile, Aristotle thought is the natural in the objective nature, and it is different from the human society.

It has been a long time for the people who put god in the supreme position of the middle ages, every aspect of social life completely ignored the people as a man who has ever been a noble creature, philosophers in the Renaissance gradually pursuit of personality liberation, praise people, and make person’s status from the hell and bring people back to earth. Bacon from the UK gave an experience for the naturalistic education thought. Bacon stressed that if we want to command the nature we must obey the nature first. And he emphasizes the teaching should be based on sequence and process of the natural, and put forward the “natural method”. However these thought lack of systematic, all had mechanical effect on the understanding of the nature, they still open up people’s minds, and make Naturalism knew by more and more people of all around the world.