摘要：人工湿地净化废水已经是越来越受重视的环保技术之一，菖蒲是天南星科的多年生水生草本植物，也是人工湿地常用的植物，为了研究高盐胁迫下菖蒲的生理生态特性和荧光特性的影响以及人工湿地中菖蒲对Cu2+的吸收能力。本文通过采用无土栽培的方法进行实验，NaCl浓度分别为0%、1%、2%、4%、6%、8%、10%并且铜离子浓度为4mg/L，共设置7个处理组，每组有2个对照，通过六周的湿地运行，考察菖蒲在不同盐浓度的废水中的生长量的变化、光合特性及荧光特性。实验结果表明：菖蒲受盐浓度影响，随着盐浓度的增大，菖蒲生长速度逐渐减缓，在盐浓度过高并超过植株所能承受范围时，植株死亡；另外，较低盐含量溶液中的植株叶绿素含量变化趋于稳定，而在高盐浓度的溶液中，植株六周间叶绿素含量变化幅度大，并且菖蒲在高盐废水中对Cu2+的去除能力较小，相反在低盐废水中对Cu2+的去除能力显著。

关键词：高盐废水；人工湿地；菖蒲；生理特性；铜离子

Effects of Salt and Copper Wastewater on growth and Copper Ion absorption of Acorus calamus

Abstract：The purification of wastewater from constructed wetland is one of the more and more important environmental protection technologies. Acorus calamus is a perennial aquatic herbaceous plant of Artemiaceae, and is also a common plant in constructed wetland. In order to study the effects of high salt stress on the physiological and ecological characteristics and fluorescence characteristics of Acorus calamus and the absorption ability of Acorus calamus to Cu2 in constructed wetland, the experiment was carried out by soilless cultivation. In this experiment, the concentration of NaCl, which was made up by hand, was: 0% and 2%, and 2%, 2%, and 4%, and 6%, 8% and 10% of the waste water with copper ion concentration of 4 mg / L. Seven treatment groups were set up, each group having 2 controls, and six weeks after 6 weeks of treatment, the concentration of copper ions was 4 mg / L in each treatment group. The changes of growth, photosynthetic characteristics and fluorescence characteristics of Acorus calamus in wastewater with different salt concentrations were investigated. The results showed that the growth rate of Acorus calamus slowed down with the increase of salt concentration. When the salt concentration exceeded the tolerance range of the plant, the plant died; in addition, the chlorophyll content in the solution with lower salt content tended to be stable, while in the solution with high salt concentration, the chlorophyll content of the plant changed greatly during the six weeks. The ability of Acorus calamus to remove Cu2 in high salt wastewater was smaller than that in low salt wastewater.

Key words：High salt wastewater; constructed wetland; Acorus calamus; physiological characteristics; copper ion

目录

1 绪论 5

1.1 研究背景 5

1.2 重金属污染的现状 6

1.2.1 重金属污染对自然环境和人体的危害 6

1.2.2 水体重金属污染的现状 6

1.2.3水环境中的重金属污染 7

1.3 人工湿地技术处理重金属废水的研究进程 7

1.3.1人工湿地的概念 7

1.3.2人工湿地技术的发展 8

1.3.3人工湿地中植物的作用机理 8

1.4菖蒲在水污染治理中的应用 8

2 研究内容与实验方法 9

2.1 实验材料与仪器 9

2.1.1 实验材料 9

2.1.2 实验地点 9

2.1.3 实验仪器 9

2.1.4 实验试剂 10

2.2 实验方案 10

2.2.1 实验准备 10

2.2.2实验设计 10

2.3 实验测定内容与方法 12

2.3.1 不同盐浓度对菖蒲幼苗生长过程中生理特性的影响 12

2.3.2溶液pH值的测定 13

2.3.3植株及溶液中重金属Cu离子的含量测定 14

3结果与分析 15

3.1不同盐浓度的NaCl对菖蒲幼苗生长及各项生理特性的影响 15

3.1.1 不同盐浓度NaCl对菖蒲叶片生长的影响 15