摘要：离子液晶作为一类新颖的自组装离子液体，是一系列由阴阳离子构成的液晶化合物，不仅具有离子液体和液晶两种物质的优良特性，离子液晶不仅具备良好的离子电导率、低蒸汽压、宽电化学窗口、高热稳定性、腐蚀性低、性质可调等独特的物理化学性质，而且具有对外界光电磁热刺激能做出响应的液晶特性，并与双水相、超临界CO2并列成为三大“绿色”溶剂，在材料、化工、生物质、电化学等领域都展现出了良好的应用前景。离子液体作为一种新型的强极性电解质，能够大幅度降低能耗、物耗和污染，为节能减排及实现物质温和转化提供了新的途径。季鏻盐相比于季铵盐更易于合成，有着更宽的介晶相温度范围，更优越的液晶态性能与更高的热稳定性。本毕业论文主要设计并合成了三种长链烷基季鏻盐，并依次通过偏光显微镜（POM）、核磁共振（NMR）等表征方法分析了季鏻盐的结构与热力学参数以及相态性能。随后将季鏻盐与卟啉化合物共混，研究混合物的电致化学发光性能，用以探寻出应用较为宽泛的季鏻盐离子液体或离子液晶，本课题研究将为季鏻盐的应用提供理论依据与新的结构信息。

关键词  季鏻盐，自组装，锌卟啉，电致发光

毕业设计说明书外文摘要

Title  Studies on the Electroluminescent Properties of Porphyrin in the Self-assembled Phosphonium Salts

Abstract:As a kind of novel self-assembled ionic liquids, ionic liquid crystals are a series of liquid crystal compounds composed of anions and cations. Ionic liquid crystals are of the excellent properties of two kinds of ionic liquids and liquid crystals. The ionic liquid crystals not only have good ionic conductivity, low vapor pressure, wide electrochemical window, high thermal stability, low corrosive properties, adjustable properties and other unique physical and chemical properties, but also can respond to the characteristics of liquid crystals with the external photoelectron thermal stimulation. Ionic liquids, aqueous two-phase system and supercritical CO2 are defined as three "green" solvents. Ionic liquid crystals have been widely applied to materials, chemicals, biomass, electrochemical and other fields. As a new kind of strong polarity electrolyte, ionic liquids can greatly reduce the energy consumption, material consumption and pollution, which provide a new way for energy saving, emission reduction and material transformation. The quaternary phosphonium salts are easier to be synthesized than corresponding ammonium salts, and have a wider range of mesomorphic phases, more superior liquid crystalline properties and higher thermal stability. Three quaternary phosphonium salts with three long alkyl chains were designed and synthesized. The structures and properties of quaternary phosphonium salts were analyzed by polarizing microscope (POM), tnuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Then, the quaternary phosphonium salts were blended with the porphyrin compound to study the electrochemiluminescence properties of the mixture to explore the more widely-used quaternary phosphonium ionic liquids or ionic liquid crystals. The study will provide the theory and new structural information for the application of quaternary phosphonium salts.

Keywords Quaternary phosphonium salt, self-assembled, zinc porphyrin, electroluminescence

目   次

1  绪论 1

1.1 离子液体 1

1.1.1 离子液体的性质 1

1.1.2 离子液体的应用与前景 1

1.1.3 离子液体的合成 2

1.2 季鏻盐 2

1.2.1季鏻盐的应用 3

1.2.2 季鏻盐的表征手段 3

1.3 卟啉类化合物 5

1.3.1 卟啉类化合物的性质 5

1.3.2 卟啉类化合物的应用 5

1.4 本文研究工作 5

1.4.1 课题的目的与意义 5

1.4.2 课题研究内容 6