摘要：采用菌丝生长速率法，测定了采自江苏省南京、扬州、淮安和盐城四个地区的水稻纹枯病菌对氟唑环菌胺和苯并烯氟菌唑、小麦纹枯病菌对氟唑环菌胺的敏感性。结果表明：氟唑环菌胺对107株水稻纹枯病菌的的 EC50 值范围为0.0035~0.0931μg/mL，苯并烯氟菌唑对92株水稻纹枯病菌的EC50值范围为0.0002~0.0064μg/mL；氟唑环菌胺对73株小麦纹枯病菌的EC50值范围为0.0249~0.1205 μg/mL；其敏感性频率分布图显示，病原菌群体中均未出现对两种药剂敏感性下降的亚群体，供试菌株对氟唑环菌胺和苯并烯氟菌唑的敏感性频率呈正态分布，因此可将平均EC50值（0.0325 ±0.018）μg/mL，（0.0025 ±0.0014）μg/mL和(0.0543 ± 0.0196) μg/mL分别作为水稻纹枯病菌对氟唑环菌胺和苯并烯氟菌唑、小麦纹枯病菌对氟唑环菌胺的敏感基线。采用药剂驯化和紫外诱变的方法，均未能得到水稻纹枯病菌的抗药性突变体，所以得出初步结论：水稻纹枯菌对两种药剂的抗药性风险较低。

关键词：水稻纹枯病菌；小麦纹枯病菌；苯并烯氟菌唑；敏感基线

Baseline Sensitivities of Rhizoctonia solani and R.cerealis to the fungicides Sedaxane and Benzovindiflupyr and their Risk Assessment

Abstract: The mycelium growth rate method is adopted, the determination of the collected from nanjing, jiangsu province, yangzhou, huaian, yancheng four areas of Rhizoctonia solani to Sedaxane and Benzovindiflupyr, Rhizoctonia cerealis Sedaxane sensitivity. The results showed that the range of the EC50 value of Sedaxane was 0.0035~0.0931μg/mL for the 107 strains of Rhizoctonia solani and Benzovindiflupyr was 0.0002~0.0064 μg/mL for 92 strains of Rhizoctonia solani. Sedaxane's EC50 range for 73 strains of Rhizoctonia cerealis was 0.0249~0.1205μg/mL; The sensitivity of the frequency distribution shows that pathogen populations has not been a drop in sensitivity to two kinds of agents and groups, and the tested strains of Sedaxane normally distributed and the sensitivity of Benzovindiflupyr frequency, So can average EC50 values（0.0325 ±0.018）μg/mL，（0.0025 ±0.0014）μg/mL and (0.0543 ± 0.0196) μg/mL respectively as the Rhizoctonia solani Sedaxane and Benzovindiflupyr, Rhizoctonia cerealis is sensitive to the Sedaxane baseline. Elixir of domestication and uv mutagenesis method, failed to get drug-resistant mutants of rice sheath blight fungus, so a preliminary conclusion: rice grain blight fungus is a lower risk of two kinds of drug resistance.

Key Words: Rhizoctonia solani; Rhizoctonia cerealis; Benzovindiflupyr; sensitive baseline

目录

摘要1

关键词1

Abstract1

Key words1

引言2

1.材料与方法2

1.1药剂与试剂2

1.2供试菌株3

1.3供试培养基3

1.4病原菌对两种杀菌剂的敏感性测定3

1.5抗性诱导3

1.6数据处理3

2.结果与分析4

2.1水稻纹枯菌对氟唑环菌胺的敏感性测定结果4

2.2水稻纹枯菌对苯并烯氟菌唑的敏感性测定结果7

2.3小麦纹枯菌对氟唑环菌胺的敏感性测定结果10

2.4水稻纹枯病菌对氟唑环菌胺和苯并烯氟菌唑突变体的获取13

3讨论13

参考文献15

致谢16

稻、麦纹枯病菌对氟唑环菌胺和苯并烯氟菌唑敏感性基线的建立及抗药性风险评估

水稻纹枯病是一种土传病害，由立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani) 引起，是我国水稻的三大病害之一。由于我国氮素化肥用量增加, 加之目前推广各种高产栽培模式, 造成此病为害逐渐加重，湖南、广东、广西、江西等地已将此病列于稻瘟病之前，北方稻区纹枯病的发生也逐渐加重[1]。，稻株个体受害后会影响稻株的生长发育，造成不同程度的减产，一般减产10%~30%，严重者达50%，甚至失收[2]。近年来, 国内主要使用井冈霉素防治水稻纹枯病,但长期单一地使用,现防治效果已有所下降。