Abstract：The National Security Strategy (NSS) of the U.S. is a significant document for understanding U.S. national security policy. President Donald Trump published his first National Security Strategy document on 18 December 2017. The National Security Strategy report is the U.S. top-level national strategy document. It describes the U.S. government’s overall goals and macroeconomic policies in the areas of internal affairs, diplomacy, and defense, and plays an important leading role in the formulation of U.S. foreign and security policies. From the perspective of discourse studies, this thesis uses the horizontal comparison and the vertical comparison to analyze the American attitude towards China in the 2017 NSS. The horizontal comparison is applied on the comparison of the attitude towards China between the 2017 NSS and the 2015 NSS. The vertical comparison is applied on the comparison between the America’s attitude towards China and the attitude towards other countries or groups in the 2017 NSS. Besides, the thesis analyzes the three kinds of reasons why America holds this attitude towards China from political, economic fields and the personality of Trump. The thesis aims to mainly explore the two questions: firstly, what is the attitude that America holds towards China based on the description of China in the National Security Strategy report; secondly, what are reasons that contribute to the American treatment to China and the influence that is caused by such treatment.

Keywords: National Security Strategy; China; Trump; foreign policy

基于2017年美国国家安全战略报告从话语分析角度研究美国对中国的态度

A Discourse Approach of America’s Attitude towards China Based on the 2017 National Security Strategy

摘 要：美国的国家安全战略是理解美国国家安全政策的重要文件。美国总统特朗普于2017年11月18日发布了他上任以来的第一份美国国家安全战略报告。美国国家安全战略报告是美国的高级国家战略，阐明了美国政府在内政、外交和防务等各个方面的总体目标和宏观政策。本文从话语研究角度，通过横向对比和纵向对比分析了2017年发布的美国国家安全战略中所体现的美国对华态度。其中，纵向对比是指将2017年美国国家安全战略报告与2015年美国国家安全战略报告进行比较。横向对比是指将2017年美国国家安全战略报告中美国对中国的态度和对其他国家的态度进行比较。此外，本文还从美国政治、经济领域以及特朗普个人属性三个方面来分析美国对华态度的三方面原因。本文旨在主要探讨两个问题：首先，美国在国家安全战略报告中通过对中国的描述所体现对中国的态度如何; 其次，造成美国对华态度的原因是什么，以及这种态度所带来的影响。

关键词：美国国家安全战略报告；中国；特朗普；外交政策

Contents

1. Introduction 1

1.1 Research Background 1

1.2 Research Questions and Aims 3

1.3 Organization of the Dissertation 3

2. Literature Review 4

2.1 Introduction of National Security Strategy 4

2.2 Previous Studies on National Security Strategy 4

2.2.1 Foreign Studies on National Security Strategy 4

2.2.2 Domestic Studies on National Security Strategy 5

3. Research methodology 7

3.1 Research Material 7

3.2 Material Collection 7

3.3 Method of Material Analysis 7

4. Comparison and Discussion 8

4.1 Vertical Comparison 8

4.1.1 Frequency of Mentioning China 8

4.1.2 Fields Involved with China 8

4.1.3 Action Proposal to China 10

4.2 Horizontal Comparison 10

4.2.1 Indo-Pacific 11

4.2.2 Europe 11

4.2.3 Middle East 11

4.2.4 South and Central Asia 11

4.2.5 Western Hemisphere 11

4.2.6 Africa 12

4.3 Factors and Influence 12

4.3.1 Factors 12

4.3.2 Influence 13

5. Conclusion 15