摘要：焉耆盆地是干旱区植被覆盖度较宽的半封闭盆地。其植被覆盖的变化直接控制和影响着该地区的生态安全，能源和物质转换以及生态系统的结构和功能[1]，因此本文结合现有的研究成果，总结了焉耆盆地植被覆盖度的现状以及研究进度和研究意义；利用数字地形分析，土地利用变化分析，植被指数分析，降雨温度变化分析等方法对SRTM，DEM等卫星数据进行处理；通过分析博斯腾湖（不包括孔雀河外流）和焉耆盆地的面积和主要地类的土地利用及变化情况得出结论（1）人类对焉耆盆地植被覆盖变化有“双重”作用，例如：草原，湖泊分别减少34km2和362.2km2，乔木园地，灌木园地分别增加61.72km2，89.62km2。通过分析NDVI值年内变化以及不同土地利用类型对NDVI的影响可见，焉耆盆地NDVI值从2-6月平稳上升，7月份达到NDVI最高值0.45，在9-11月之间迅速下降。在7月份稀疏草地最高NDVI值仅为0.21，常绿针叶灌木林NDVI最高值却能达到0.83。因此得出结论（2）焉耆盆地的植被年内动态变化不仅受四季变化的影响，还受不同土地利用类型NDVI变化的影响。通过统计焉耆县和巴音布拉克两个气象站1958-2012年间的主要降雨，气温，日照时数特征得出结论（3）焉耆盆地干旱地区（焉耆县）的年平均气温，日照时数都高于较湿润地区（巴音布拉克),年平均降水量却远远低于较湿润地区。但本文得出的结论仍存在分析的人口数据并不全，气象数据仅对两个气象站年平均数据进行统计，只分析2015年10个月份NDVI月平均值等问题，因此本文仍需努力解决此类问题。

关键词：焉耆盆地；生态环境；植被覆盖度；卫星数据；动态变化

Abstract：Yanqi Basin is a semi-closed basin with a wide coverage of vegetation in arid regions. Changes in its vegetation cover directly control and influence the ecological security, energy and material conversion, and the structure and function of the ecosystem in the area[1]. The Yanqi Basin is one of the regions most strongly disturbed by human activities and climate changes in China and even in the world. Therefore, this paper combines existing research results to summarize the current status of the vegetation coverage in the Yanqi Basin, as well as the research progress and research significance; Analysis, land-use change analysis, vegetation index analysis, rainfall temperature change analysis methods, etc., deal with satellite data such as SRTM and DEM, and analyze the area of Bosten Lake (excluding the Outer Bank of the Kongque River) and the land use of major land types and The changes have concluded that (1) humans have a “double” effect on vegetation cover changes in the Yanqi Basin. For example, grassland and lakes have reduced 34 km2 and 362.2 km2 respectively, and the arbor and shrub lands have increased by 61.72 km2 and 89.62 km2, respectively. By analyzing the changes in NDVI during the year and the effects of different types of land use on NDVI, the NDVI values in the Yanqi Basin have risen steadily from February to June. The highest NDVI value reached 0.45 in July, and fell rapidly between September and November. The highest NDVI value of sparse grassland in July was only 0.21, and the highest NDVI value of evergreen coniferous shrubs was 0.83. Therefore, it is concluded that (2) the dynamic changes of the vegetation in Yanqi Basin are not only affected by the changes of the four seasons, but also affected by the changes in NDVI of different land use types. The statistics of the characteristics of the main rainfall, temperature, and sunshine hours between the two meteorological stations in Song County and Bayinbulak during the period from 1958 to 2012 reached the conclusion (3) The average annual temperature and sunshine hours in the arid area of Yanqi Basin (Gengxian County). Above the more humid regions (Bayinbulak), the average annual precipitation is much lower than that in the more humid areas. However, the conclusions obtained in this paper still exist that the demographic data are still incomplete. The meteorological data only counts the annual average data of the two weather stations and only analyzes the monthly mean value of NDVI in 10 months of 2015. Therefore, this article still needs to work hard to resolve this problem.