摘 要：听力是基本的语言技能，也是人际交流中重要的组成部分。然而对于多数中学生而 言，听力是听、说、读、写、译五种技能中最难学习的部分。听力障碍是指由于各种因 素的影响，听力能力受到影响。本文运用文献分析法整理归纳了影响中学生听力能力的 因素。笔者认为这些因素主要包含语言障碍和非语言障碍。语言障碍主要包括语音知识， 如词汇、语法等等；非语言障碍包括背景知识、听力技巧等等。笔者也将根据影响学生 听力的因素提出一些策略以便能够提高他们的听力理解能力。

关键词：英语听力；语言障碍；非语言障碍；策略

Abstract：Listening is a basic skill of language learning. It’s also an essential component of communication in human life. But for most middle school students, among skills of listening, speaking, reading, writing and translating, listening is the most difficult one. Listening obstacle means listening of English is restricted by various factors. This article generalized factors that affect middle school students’ listening ability through the method of literature review. The author stated that both linguistic and non-linguistic obstacles are important in English listening. The linguistic obstacles refer to the phonetic knowledge which includes vocabulary, grammar and so on. The non-linguistic obstacles include background knowledge, listening skills, and so on. And the paper also propose some strategies to factors affecting students listening comprehension to improve student’ listening ability.

Key words: English listening; linguistic obstacles; non-linguistic obstacles; strategies

Contents

摘 要 i

Abstract ii

I. Introduction 1

II. Types of Listening Obstacles 1

2.1 Linguistic Obstacles 2

2.1.1 Lack of Phonetic Knowledge 2

2.1.2 Vocabulary Obstacles 4

2.1.3 Grammar Obstacles 5

2.1.4 Speech Speed 6

2.2 Non-linguistic Obstacles 7

2.2.1 Obstacle of Cultural Background 7

2.2.2 Psychological Obstacles 7

2.2.3 Obstacles of Strategies 8

2.2.4 Characteristics of Listening Materials 9

III. Strategies on Improving Middle School Students’ English Listening Ability 9

3.1 Linguistic Knowledge of Listening 9

3.2 Knowledge about Different Cultural Background 10

3.3 Training of Students’ Confidence and Memorization 10

3.4 Training of Students’ Listening Strategies 11

3.5 Practice of Listening Comprehension 12

IV. Conclusion 12

Bibliography 13

Acknowledgements 14

Analysis on Listening English Obstacles of Middle School Students

I. Introduction

Language is the most important tool of human’s communication, by which people can communicate all kinds of symbols. People use language to express their mind and change ideas. To learn a foreign language needs students to learn how to speak and write it, and the most important is how to listen. As a receptive skill, listening is the basis of other language skills. Psychological tests showed that people acquire 80% knowledge through audio-visual method. People could not deny that listening plays an increasingly essential role in communication. However, people have embarrassingly found out that listening is regarded as the most difficult skill (Ren 40). In addition, listening has always been treated as a passive activity and given much attention that it deserves. Improving middle school students’ listening ability is always the focus of language learning. Most students come across a puzzle in their English study that their English listening can hardly be improved after a few years’ study (Wu 53). In this paper, the author will analyze causes of middle school student’s listening obstacles. Only when teachers know the obstacles that affect students’ listening comprehension, can they take effective measures to help students to improve their listening ability.

This paper consists of four parts. The first part talks about the importance of listening. The second one mainly talks about factors that affect students’ listening comprehension. The third part involves in the countermeasures to improve students’ listening. The last part concludes the paper and talks the shortage of this paper.