摘要： 本课题采取超声波辅助提取法对天山雪莲花抗氧化物提取工艺进行了研究。通过单因素实验研究了5种因素对天山雪莲中绿原酸提取率的影响，包括原料配比、提取温度、乙醇浓度、超声波功率和超声波时间。通过Box-Behnken响应面实验法确定了最佳工艺条件：料液比为1:60、温度为65℃、提取时间为80min、乙醇浓度为55%、超声功率为500w，并在最优工艺条件下测得实际雪莲花中绿原酸的提取率为3.51%，该提取率明显比同等条件下无超声辅助用纯乙醇浸提的提取率高。另外，测定了雪莲花提取液的DPPH自由基清除率和酪氨酸酶活力抑制率。结果表明，DPPH自由基清除率、酪氨酸酶抑制率随雪莲花中绿原酸浓度的增大而提高，且提取液中绿原酸的DPPH自由基清除能力和酪氨酸酶抑制能力分别强于VC和-熊果苷。

关键词： 天山雪莲花；超声波辅助；绿原酸；响应面；DPPH自由基清除率；酪氨酸酶抑制率

The Study on Ultrasonic-assisted Extraction of Antioxidant from Snow Lotus

Abstract: In this paper, ultrasound-assisted extraction process of chlorogenic acid from Tianshan Snow Lotus was studied through the single factor experiment and Box-Behnken design experiment method. In the single factor experiments, the effect of the five factors, i.e. solid-liquid ratio, extraction temperature, ethanol concentration, ultrasonic power and ultrasonic time, on the extract rate of chlorogenic acid were explored. The response surface methodology was used to determine the optimal conditions as follows: material-liquid ratio of 1:60, temperature of 65°C, extraction time of 80min, ethanol concentration of 55%, ultrasonic power of 500w. The extraction rate of chlorogenic acid in lotus under the optimal extract conditions was 3.51%, which was higher than that under the same condition without ultrasound-assisted. In addition, the DPPH free radicals scavenging rate. The tyrosinase inhibitory rate of antioxidants were also detected, and the result showed that DPPH free radicals scavenging rate and the tyrosinase activity inhibition rate enhanced with the increase of the chlorogenic acid concentration in snow lotus, and the DPPH free radicals scavenging capability and the tyrosinase inhibitory activity were stronger than that of VC and -arbutin, respectively.

Keywords: Tianshan Snow Lotus; Ultrasound-assisted Extraction; Chlorogenic Acid; Response Surface Methodology; DPPH free radicals scavenging capability; Tyrosinase Inhibitory activity

目录

1 绪论 1

1.1 天山雪莲花在国内外的研究现况概述 1

1.1.1 天山雪莲花概述 1

1.1.2 雪莲花中抗氧化活性物在国内外的研究进展 1

1.1.3 雪莲花中的抗氧化活性成分——酚酸类化合物 2

1.1.4 天山雪莲中绿原酸结构、性质及应用 2

1.2 天山雪莲花中抗氧化物的提取方法 3

1.2.1 影响超声波提取的因素 4

1.2.2 超声波提取的优点 4

1.2.3 提取溶剂的选择 5

1.3 天山雪莲花中抗氧化物的性能测试原理 5

1.3.1 抗氧化性测试原理 5

1.3.2 美白性测试原理 6

1.4 本课题的研究目的和意义 6

2 实验材料与方法 7

2.1 原料、药品及仪器 7

2.1.1 原料及预处理 7

2.1.2 实验仪器 7

2.1.3 相关药品试剂 7

2.2 实验方法及内容 7

2.3 实验方案 8

2.3.1 绿原酸标准曲线的制作 8

2.3.2 天山雪莲中绿原酸的提取条件选择：单因素实验 8

2.3.3 响应面法优化天山雪莲花中绿原酸的提取工艺 10

2.3.4 比较以水和乙醇为提取溶剂对绿原酸浸提率的影响 11

2.3.5 最优提取工艺下的浸膏提率计算 11

2.3.6 抗氧化性能测试：DPPH清除实验 11

2.3.7 美白性检测：抑制酪氨酸酶活性实验 12

3 结果与分析 14

3.1 绿原酸标准曲线制作 14

3.1.1 最大吸收波长的确定 14