In the basic translation framework, the author has put forward three principles of translation: the principle of the purpose, the principle of coherence, and the principle of the fidelity. Translators can use appropriate translation strategies for this purpose. In the theoretical framework, it points out that the original language is in a secondary position. Translators do not have to care too much about the original text but they need to adopt a flexible translation strategy. In the process of literary translation, the methods of translating poetry, sentences, and novels are very different. Even if you translate the same type of literary works, different translators may use different translation methods. In addition to the differences between the translator's style and cultural background, this difference usually comes from different translation goals that the translator wishes to achieve.

2.2 The Concept of Skopos Theory

Functionalist translation theory was born in Germany in the 1970s and it has experienced four development stages. In the basic framework of translation, the principle of purpose means that translation behavior depends on the purpose of the translation, such as the method of goal determination. The principle of consistency means that the translation must conform to the consistency standard in the language, that is, the translation must be understood by the recipient and have meaning in the context and the culture of the target language and the principle of loyalty. It refers to the intertextual coherence between the original text and the translation, that is, translation as faithful as possible to the original text. According to teleological theory, the highest principle of translation is the principle of purpose. Translators can use any appropriate translation strategy for this purpose.

The purpose of translation is reflected in three aspects: the purpose of the translator’s translation behavior, the purpose of the communication based on the original translation, and the purpose of using specific translation strategies and methods. Existing translation objects appear directly in translation prefaces, postscripts, and even annotations, while other translation objects indirectly reflect the specific translation strategies and methods used by translators to achieve specific translation goals. The purpose of researching the translator’s translation not only helps to fully understand the translator’s translation style and its causes, especially the meticulous depth of translation studies, but also helps the healthy and orderly development of translation criticism.

3 The Application of Skopos theory in Translation of Financial English

With China’s accession to the WTO and the opening up of the banking industry in China, more and more foreign banks and financial institutions have come to China and began to operate renminbi businesses, providing services such as wealth management, financing, credit and capital management to Chinese enterprises. Foreign banks attract more and more Chinese-funded enterprises with their high-quality services and efficient management. Under such circumstances, it will be inevitable for companies to deal with foreign banks. Therefore, the bank financial translation market has a growing trend.