摘要：《幼儿园指导纲要（试行）》指出：“幼儿园健康目标之一就是动作协调、灵活。用幼儿感兴趣的方式发展手指游戏让孩子学会动手、勤于动手、爱上动手。”手指游戏作为一种新兴的教育方式方法在发达城市已经得到广泛的应用，但教师在实际操作中还存在一些问题。笔者所实习的河南省周口市D幼儿园小班开展了手指游戏教学活动。但是园方和教师对于手指游戏教学缺乏科学和深刻的认识，手指游戏教学无法广泛的开展。鉴于此，本文通过文献法、观察法和访谈法，对D幼儿园小班幼儿手指游戏的教学现状进行观察研究，主要是从手指游戏的概述、开展手指游戏教学的价值、小班手指游戏教学的现状、存在问题的原因分析等几方面进行研究。在此基础上，针对D幼儿园小班幼儿手指游戏的教学存在的问题，提出一些合理化建议，培养幼儿科学探究的能力，促进幼儿身心全面发展。

关键词：幼儿园小班;手指游戏;教学现状

The teaching situation study of Finger Games in bottom classes

——Taking kindergarten D in Zhoukou as example

Abstract: Kindergarten guidelines (Trial) pointed out:”one of the goals of kindergarten health is to make children have better coordination and agility when doing the actions. Developing finger games can make children learn and love to use their hands by using the ways that children are interested in.” At the same time, the finger game is the best game about communication between teachers and students. It has low cost and high efficiency. As a kind of new type education ways, finger game have gained its wide popularity in developed cities, although it has limitation in teachers’ practice. The author has a practice in kindergarten D, Zhoukou City, Henan Province. The author didn’t achieve her goal of using finger games widely in this kindergarten because of teachers’ and parents’ lacking profound knowledge about finger game teaching. In view of this, this paper will do a research about teaching situation of Finger Games in bottom classes in D kindergarten with the literature method, observation method and interview method. The author will do the research mainly from the following aspect: the overview of finger games, the value of carrying out finger games, the teaching situation of Finger Games in bottom classes and the analysis of the cause of the problem in practicing. On this basis, the author will give some reasonable suggestions according to the existing problems in  teaching practice. It will cultivate children’s ability of exploring science and promote children's all-round development simultaneously.

Keywords: the bottom class; finger games; current teaching  situation

目 录

摘要 1

Abstract 1

一、手指游戏的概述 2

（一）手指游戏的概念 2

（二）小班幼儿手指游戏教学的意义 3

二、D幼儿园小班手指游戏教学的现状分析 3

（一）优点 3

（二）问题 4

三、小班幼儿手指游戏教学的建议 6

（一）教学目标的制定上有难易层次 6

（二）内容的选择上贴近幼儿的生活 6

（三）在教学方法要有多样性 6

（四）教师使用有效性语言评价 7

参考文献 8

附录I 9

附录II 10

致谢 11

小班手指游戏的教学现状研究——以河南省周口市D幼儿园为例

小班的幼儿正处于发展手指大肌肉和小肌肉的精细动作的时期，这个时期应该多培养幼儿手部运动的能力。根据《幼儿园教育指导纲要（试行）》的精神，教师应当根据小班幼儿身心发展的特点制定教育教学活动，为幼儿创造同伴之间幼儿相互平等和谐交往机会。王玉娟在《小班幼儿手指游戏的开展与实施》（2014）中指出：“我们要抓住幼儿在这个阶段好模仿，喜欢一遍又一遍的重复某一个动作的特征，给予大量的手指游戏，提供恰当积极的指导和训练，幼儿通过有趣的手部重叠、伸展、扭动，表现不同的物体，促进幼儿手部小肌肉的发展。”小班幼儿在入园前没有像幼儿园里那么多的可以一起玩耍的同伴，还不懂和同伴相处之间的规则。这就需要教师做到有目的有依据有针对性的创设手指游戏教育活动的选材和创编内容，来促进幼儿和同伴之间的愉快交往情感体验，促进继续交往的渴望和同伙伴之间友好交往体验的建立。