摘要:音乐陶冶情操、抒发感情的一种载体。同时音乐可以开发幼儿的想象力和创造力，可以培养幼儿活剥开朗的性格，促进幼儿身体和心理的健康成长。学前音乐教育丰富多彩，有音乐欣赏活动，歌唱活动，音乐游戏，律动，还有打击乐等。其中打击乐是音乐教学的重要组成部分，幼儿园也开始注重保护和发展幼儿的创造性，同时也满足了幼儿活泼好动，好奇，好探索的天性，深受幼儿的喜爱，在幼儿的喜爱的基础上进行教学，对于幼儿听觉，语言，动手能力的发展起到事半功倍的作用。所以，笔者尝试观察记录，以及查找相关文献，从教学目标，教学过程，教学评价，学生已有的生活经验和兴趣出发，探索和研究关于大班打击乐教学的对策。

关键词：大班；打击乐；教学问题

The Problems and Countermeasures of the Kindergarten Teaching Activities of Percussion——Take F kindergarten in Zhoukou as an example

Abstract:The music is used to express the thoughts and feelings of people, an art reaction of real life. Music can develop children's imagination and creativity, can cultivate children alive and cheerful character, and promote the healthy growth of children's physical and psychological. The music education is to improve children's comprehensive development of good education. For children's music education can not only develop children's hearing ability and memory, but also can promote the growth of children's musical ability, can cultivate children's good temperament, good character, self performance, edify sentiment. Preschool music education activities rich and colorful, music appreciation activities, singing, music, games, rhythm and percussion instruments etc.. The percussion instrument is an important part of music teaching, the kindergarten began to pay attention to the protection and development of children's creativity, in order to cultivate the citizens of modern life. Percussion instruments is a has a very strong operability, and meet the children's lively, curious, good exploration of nature, by the children love, on the basis of children's favorite for teaching activities, better promote children's hearing, language, development of practical ability, to get twice the result with half the effort. Therefore, the author attempts to observe and record, and searching for the related literature, from the teaching goal, teaching process, teaching evaluation, interests and life experiences of students has been starting, exploration and research about kindergarten percussion teaching activities of countermeasures, hope help to other teachers teaching.

Keywords: Class; Percussion; Teaching situation

目  录

摘要 1

Abstract 1

一、 概述 2

（一）打击乐的定义 2

（二）打击乐器的种类、特点 3

（三）大班打击乐教学的意义 3

二、大班打击乐教学存在的问题分析 4

（一）教学目标制定不合理 4

（二）教学内容不符合幼儿的年龄发展特点 4

（三）传统式的教学观念，抑制幼儿创造性的发挥 5

三、大班打击乐教学的建议 6

（一）深刻了解纲要和指南对幼儿能力发展的要求，明确目标 6

（二）注重营造有趣轻松的教学环境，引导幼儿的兴趣 6

（三）学习情景化教学方式，发展幼儿的创造力 7

（四）教师的评价切合实际，以提高教学质量为主 7

参考文献 8

附录 9

致谢 10

大班打击乐教学问题与对策的研究以周口F幼儿园为例

打击乐不仅深受幼儿的喜欢，而且培养幼儿的相互配合能力，创造力，审美观，对于幼儿的感受美发现美有很大的帮助。但是打击乐教学的组织却是一个让老师纠结头疼的难题，教具的声声作响，让本来爱动的幼儿根本停不下来，对于没有经验的教师来说是一个难题。而关于《3-6岁儿童学习与发展指南》中又指出：艺术是人类感受美、表现美和创造美的重要形式，也是表达自己对周围世界的认识和情绪态度的特有方式[1]。幼儿艺术领域的学习关键在于充分创造条件和机会，在大自然和社会文化生活中萌发幼儿对美的感受和体验，丰富其想象力和创造力，引导幼儿学会用心灵去感受和发现美，用自己的方式去表现和创造美。幼儿对事物的感受和理解不同于成人，他们表达自己认识和情感的方式也有别于成人。幼儿天真无邪的涂鸦、动作和语言往往蕴含着天马行空的创意，成人应对幼儿独特的艺术表现给予充分的理解和尊重，不能用自己的审美标准去评判幼儿，更不能为追求结果的“完美”而对幼儿进行千篇一律的训练，以免扼杀其想象与创造的萌芽。所以一节有效又有趣的打击乐教学的组织显得格外重要，而且关于大班打击乐教学活动的研究又相对较少，因此关于打击乐的教学问题的研究与探讨对于新入职的教师专业成长和幼儿的发展而言甚为重要。