摘    要：目的：了解并分析宁波市象山县学龄前儿童家长预防接种知识知晓情况及其影响因素，为当地有效开展预防接种健康教育工作提供依据和建议。方法：采用分层整群随机抽样方法，随机抽取宁波市象山县内4所幼儿园610名3~6周岁学龄前儿童家长进行网络问卷调查。结果：1.宁波市象山县学龄前儿童家长预防接种知识知晓率为58.06%，父亲职业、母亲文化程度、了解预防接种信息的主动性是影响儿童家长预防接种知识知晓水平的主要因素。2.绝大多数学龄前儿童家长表示愿意为孩子接种第二类疫苗，47.31%的家长认为接种疫苗的必要性是影响他们做出接种二类疫苗决定的最主要因素。3.学龄前儿童家长获取预防接种知识的最主要途径是门诊接种医生（88.73%），且对该来源的信息最为信任；68.98%的儿童家长想要了解疫苗安全性相关的预防接种知识。结论及建议：1.宁波市象山县学龄前儿童家长预防接种知识的知晓水平不高，医务人员应重点针对工作繁忙、学历低和主动性差的儿童家长进行健康教育。2.学龄前儿童家长对第二类疫苗接种意愿高，增强儿童家长对接种必要性的认识有助于其接种二类疫苗。3.门诊接种医生是学龄前儿童家长最主要、最信任的预防接种知识获取途径，知识宣教时应着重讲解有关疫苗安全性的知识内容。

 关键词：学龄前儿童家长； 预防接种知识； 知晓率； 影响因素

ABSTRACT：Objectives: To understand and analyze the awareness and factors of the vaccination knowledge of the parents preschool children in Xiangshan County, Ningbo City, and provide evidence and suggestions for the effective prevention education. Methods: An Web-based questionnaire was used to investigate 610 parents of 3 to 6 year-old preschool children from 4 kindergartens in Xiangshan County of Ningbo City by a stratified cluster random sampling method. Results: 1.The awareness rate of the vaccination knowledge among the parents of preschool children in Xiangshan County of Ningbo City was 58.06%. Paternal occupation, maternal education and the initiative for information were found to be factors significantly associated with the awareness rate. 2.The vast majority of the parents of preschool children would like to vaccinate their children for Type Ⅱ vaccines. 47.31% of parents thought that the necessity of vaccination was the most important factor associated with their decision to vaccinate Type Ⅱ vaccines. 3.The major way for preschool children's parents to obtain vaccination knowledge is outpatient vaccination physicians(88.73%);Parents have high confidence in vaccination information from outpatient vaccination physicians; There is the largest demand for the knowledge about vaccine safety (68.98%). Conclusions and Suggestions: 1.It is relatively low that awareness rate of prevention knowledge for the parents of preschool children in Xiangshan County, Ningbo City. Health providers should give priority to educate the parents who are busy with work, have low education and poor motivation. 2.Parents have high willingness to vaccinate Type Ⅱ vaccines. It may contribute to vaccination that enhancing the knowledge about vaccination necessity among the parents of preschool children. 3.Information from Outpatient vaccination physicians are the most important and the most trusted way for parents to get the vaccination knowledge. Overall and detailed knowledge about vaccination safety should be told to parents when health providers carry out health education.

Keyword: Parents of preschool children; vaccination; knowledge; awareness;

factors

目 录

摘    要 2

ABSTRACT 2

1 前言 5

2 对象与方法 6

2.1 调查对象 6

2.2 抽样方法 6

2.3 调查方法与内容 6

2.4 统计分析 6

2.5 质量控制 7

2.5.1 调查设计阶段 7

2.5.2 调查实施阶段 7