摘 要：目的 了解网络订餐配送食品安全和交通安全监管现状，分析网络订餐配送监管存在的 问题，针对存在的问题提出相应的建议。方法 采用随机抽样方法，抽取四所大学和医院、 写字楼等人群聚集地的 348 人进行问卷调查。对调查对象的人口学特征、网络订餐情况、网 络订餐配送及其监管情况进行描述性分析；用秩和检验对网络订餐配送监管满意度进行单因 素分析，自变量为对网络订餐配送装备的看重程度，对相关法律法规的了解程度、对相关平 台或部门的投诉处理满意度、对相关事件的了解程度、对外卖配送监管力量的评价；用有序 Logistic 回归探究用户对网络订餐配送装备的看重程度，对相关法律法规的了解程度、对 相关平台或部门的投诉处理满意度、对外卖配送监管力量的评价对网络订餐配送监管满意度 的影响。运用案例分析，通过网络订餐配送食品安全和交通安全的两个典型案例分析网络订 餐配送及其监管存在的问题。结果 案例分析得出网络订餐配送监管存在法律法规缺失、行 政监管缺失、行业内部管理疏松、准入门槛低、第三方监管主体监管不足的情况；问卷调查 得出调查对象对于相关法律法规和相关事件的了解程度偏低，其对相关平台或部门的投诉处 理满意度对网络订餐配送监管满意度有显著影响（p<0.05），并随着纠纷处理满意度的提高， 配送监管满意度也跟着提高，纠纷处理满意度为满意和比较满意时，无统计学意义。结论 网络订餐配送行业存在缺乏相关的法律法规、政府监管体系不完善、行业监管不完善、信息 不对称、社会第三方监管主体监管不足的问题，政府应当完善相关法律法规；完善监管体系； 行业内部应当强化监管主体责任意识，加强管理，改进相关体系，提高配送人员食品和交通 安全意识；建立食品安全信息追溯系统；建立多元治理的监管体系。

关键词：网络订餐；食品安全；配送；监管

Abstract：Objective To understand the status quo of food safety and traffic safety supervision for online meal delivery, analyze the problems existing in online meal delivery and distribution supervision, and put forward corresponding suggestions for existing problems. Methods Using a random sampling method, 348 people from four universities, hospitals, and office buildings gathered to conduct a questionnaire survey. A descriptive analysis of demographic characteristics, online ordering, online order delivery, and supervision of survey respondents was conducted; a single  factor analysis of online order delivery supervision satisfaction was performed using the rank sum test, and the independent variable was a priority for online order delivery equipment. Degree, understanding of relevant laws and regulations, satisfaction with complaint handling of related platforms or departments, understanding of relevant events, and evaluation of the supervision and management power of outbound delivery; using orderly Logistic regression to explore the importance of users for online ordering and delivery equipment Degree, understanding of relevant laws and regulations, satisfaction with complaint processing of relevant platforms or departments, and evaluation of the supervision power of outbound distribution on the satisfaction of online order delivery supervision. Case analysis was used to analyze the problem of online meal delivery and its supervision through two typical cases of online food delivery and food safety. Results The case analysis showed that there was a lack of laws and regulations, lack of administrative supervision, loose internal management of the industry, low barriers to entry, and inadequate supervision of third-party regulatory bodies in online meal delivery and distribution supervision. Questionnaire survey resulted in relevant laws and regulations and related events. The degree of understanding is low, and its satisfaction with relevant platforms or departments has a significant effect on the satisfaction degree of online order delivery supervision (p<0.05). As the degree of satisfaction with dispute processing increases, the degree of satisfaction with distribution supervision also increases. There was no statistically significant difference when satisfaction with dispute processing was satisfactory and satisfactory. Conclusion There is a lack of relevant laws and regulations, imperfect government supervision system, imperfect industry supervision, information asymmetry, inadequate supervision of the third-party regulatory bodies in the online ordering and distribution industry. The government  should  improve relevant laws and regulations; improve the regulatory system; The sense of responsibility of the regulators should be strengthened, management should be strengthened, related systems should be improved, food and traffic safety  awareness of delivery personnel should be improved, food safety information traceability system should be established, and a multi-governance supervision system should be established.