摘 要：科学是文化的重要组成部分，阅读科普文章更是我们学习科学知识的重要途径之一，教材中的科普文更是孩子科学启蒙的钥匙。目前研究小学语文科普文教学方法的成果颇多，而对选文进行探究的却很少，所以本文从小学语文教材科普文的选文入手，发现问题，寻求解决办法，并提出建议。

科普文主要目的为普及科学知识，故需要兼顾科学的规范性、文学的文化性以及鲜明的时代性，只有这样，才能避免空洞的说教，让枯燥的科学知识，转化为学生和大众都易于接受并理解的科普文，并能够激发学生对科学的兴趣，培养科学探索精神。在主题上，选文除了需要结合课本单元的主题，也需要包含丰富的种类，如自然科学、人文科学等。而在体裁上，也需要呈现出多样化的特点，如诗歌、童话、叙事文、说明文等，以引起学生的阅读兴趣。同时，课文间适宜的插图能更大程度上帮助学生理解抽象的科学知识，并使排版更加多样化。目前课本中的选文均以“自然科学”为主，对于“社会科学”和“科学方法”两方面的关注较为欠缺，科学教育因素的分配和选择仍然存在较大不足。

Science is an important part of culture. Reading popular science articles is one of the most important ways for us to learn scientific knowledge. The science popularization in textbooks is the key to children’s scientific enlightenment. At present, there are many achievements in the study of primary school language science education methods. However, there are few researches on the selected articles. Therefore, this article starts from the selection of the primary school Chinese textbooks, finds problems, seeks solutions, and makes suggestions.

The main purpose of popular science is to popularize scientific knowledge. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the normative nature of science, the literary culture, and the distinctness of the times. Only in this way can we avoid empty preaching and make boring scientific knowledge readily accessible to students and the general public. And understand the science text, and can stimulate students' interest in science and cultivate scientific exploration spirit. In terms of topics, the selection of texts need to incorporate a variety of topics such as the natural sciences, humanities, and so on, in addition to the subject of textbook modules. In terms of genre, it is also necessary to present perse features such as poetry, fairy tales, narrative texts, and expository texts to arouse students' interest in reading. At the same time, appropriate illustrations between the texts can help students understand abstract scientific knowledge to a greater extent and make the typesetting more persified. At present, the texts in the textbooks are mainly "natural sciences", and the attention to "social science" and "scientific methods" is relatively lacking. The distribution and selection of scientific education factors still have great deficiencies.

关键词：科普文； 小学语文； 选文； 体裁

Keyword: Popular Science article; Elementary school language; Selections; type of literature

目 录

引言 5

（一）研究背景与意义 5

1.研究背景 5

2.研究意义 5

（二）概念界定 6

1.小学语文教材中的科普文 6

2.小学语文教材的选编标准 7

（三）文献综述 8

1.国内研究现状 8

2.国外研究现状 9

（二）研究方法 9

1.文献研究法 9

2.内容阐发法 9

3.文本研究法 10

一、小学语文教材科普文的内容研究 11

（一）辩证科普文科学性、人文性及语文性三者的关系 11

（二）科普文选文的主题构成 11

1.科普文主题的选择情况 11

2.分析总结 13

（三）价值取向的选择情况 13

1.科普文价值取向的选择情况 14