摘   要:随着义务教育的不断改革，初中和小学科学教学衔接也逐渐受到各界的广泛关注。本文以浙江省杭州市初中和小学科学教学为基础，对初中科学教师及七年级学生展开调查。对学生，我们采用问卷调查的方式进行研究，通过对数据的统计和分析得出学生在初中和小学科学课程上的学习的现状。对教师，我们采用访谈的方式进行研究，将教师期望与学生学习现状相联系，从教师角度得出科学教学衔接的现状。最后结合课标和教材，分析具体案例，指出实际教学过程中存在的不足，提出相应的教学策略。具体策略如下：第一，课标内容需更加具体化。加强中小学科学教材和课程标准的联系，并将学生身心发展需求写入课标中。第二，教师需加强对不同阶段教学内容的了解。初中教师需系统了解小学科学教学内容和方法，减少重复小学教师的活动。

Abstract:With the continuous reform of compulsory education, the convergence of science teaching in junior middle schools and elementary schools has gradually attracted wide attention. Based on the science teaching of junior middle school and elementary school in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, this article investigates junior middle school science teachers and seventh grade students. Questionnaires and statistical data are used for students, and students' learning status is obtained through comparative analysis. Teachers' interviews are used to relate teachers' expectations to students' learning status, and the current state of science teaching convergence is obtained from the perspective of teachers. Finally, combining the curriculum standard and teaching materials, it analyzes specific cases, points out the insufficiency in the actual teaching process, and puts forward corresponding teaching strategies. The specific strategy is as follows: First, the curriculum content needs to be more specific. Strengthen the link between science textbooks and curriculum standards for primary and secondary schools, and write the needs of students' physical and mental development into the curriculum standards. Second, teachers need to strengthen their understanding of the content of teaching in different stages. Junior middle school teachers need to systematically understand the contents and methods of primary school science teaching and reduce the activities of repeat primary school teachers.

关键词：教学衔接；初中科学；小学科学

Keyword: Teaching convergence;  Junior school science;  Primary school science

目    录

1. 引言 4

1.1 中小学科学教学衔接研究的背景 4

1.2 研究课题的提出 4

1.3 研究的目的及意义 5

2. 中小学科学教学衔接现状的调查 5

2.1 学生问卷的编制 5

2.2 学生问卷调查结果及分析 6

2.3 教师访谈提问设计 8

2.4 教师访谈内容 9

2.5 教师访谈结果及分析 10

2.6 调查结果 12

3. 中小学物理主题典型案例分析 12

3.1 中小学课程内容分析 12

3.2 从教学案例析中小学科学教学衔接现状 13

3.3 “摩擦力”教学衔接的策略和途径 15

4. 中小学生物主题典型案例分析 16

4.1 从教学案例析中小学科学教学衔接现状 16

4.2 教学衔接的策略和途径 16

5. 中小学化学主题典型案例分析 16

5.1 从教学案例析中小学科学教学衔接现状 16

5.2 教学衔接的策略和途径 17

6. 论文总结 17

参考文献 19

致  谢 20

附录1: 21

1. 引言

随着教育的不断改革与发展，小学课程与初中课程的教学衔接问题逐渐受到教育学者、学校和家长的关注和重视。在浙江，科学在小学和初中阶段都是一门综合性课程，因此中小学科学教学衔接的问题相对于分科课程则更为复杂。中小学科学教学衔接现状的研究也迫在眉睫。