摘    要：学前幼儿的美术教育在学前教育中占有重要地位，而美术材料又是美术教育中尤为突出的一个组成部分。当今社会飞速发展，幼儿园的美术材料随之多样化，其中自然材料因其安全性、生活性及可得性等等优势被越来越多的教育者运用到学前幼儿的美术教育中去。如何正确认识自然材料，合理开发与利用好自然材料，发挥其最有效的美术教学作用是当前幼儿园教师所要探讨的问题。

本研究从大班幼儿教师运用自然材料展开美术活动这一研究的角度展开，采用了观察法、文献法、问卷调查法和访谈法，以杭州市D幼儿园的大班幼儿与教师为研究对象，了解他们对自然材料在美术活动中的运用现状：主要包括自然材料运用的种类；各类自然材料运用的具体用途；自然材料运用的次数与频率。研究发现自然材料在美术活动中已有所运用，但是存在种类使用不均，运用的方式单一，更换频率偏少等问题。分析其中的原因有自然材料自身的局限性;教师开发和利用自然资源的能力有限;幼儿园缺乏指导支持。本研究根据存在的问题提出了针对性的解决对策。

关键词：学前教育； 美术活动； 自然材料

Abstract：The art education of preschool children occupies an important position in preschool education, and art material is a particularly prominent part of art education. With the rapid development of today's society, the art materials of kindergartens are persified. Natural materials are applied by more and more educators to preschool children's art education because of their advantages such as safety, life and availability. How to correctly understand natural materials, develop and make good use of natural materials, and play the most effective role of art teaching is the problem that preschool teachers need to explore.

This study starts from the perspective of the large class preschool teachers using the natural materials to carry out the art activities, using the observation method, the literature method, the questionnaire survey method and the interview method, taking the large class children and teachers in the D kindergarten of Hangzhou as the research object, to understand their application to the natural materials in the art activities. The types of natural materials used; the specific uses of all kinds of natural materials; the frequency and frequency of natural materials. It is found that natural materials have been applied in art activities, but there are many problems such as uneven use of species, single way of application, and low frequency of replacement. The reasons for the analysis are the limitations of natural materials, the limited ability of teachers to develop and utilize natural resources, and the lack of guidance and support in kindergartens. Based on the existing problems, this study proposes targeted solutions.

Keyword:Preschool education; art activities; natural materials

目    录

一、绪论 5

（一）相关概念界定 5

1、幼儿美术活动 5

2、自然材料 5

（二）文献综述 5

1、国内的相关研究 6

2、国外的相关研究 6

（三）研究意义 7

（四）研究设计 7

1、研究对象 8

2、研究方法 8

二、 幼儿园大班美术活动中自然材料的使用现状 8

（一）自然材料的种类 8

（二）大班常见自然材料的具体用途 9

（三）自然材料使用的次数与频率 11

三、自然材料在大班幼儿园美术活动中的运用存在的问题及原因分析 11

（一）自然材料运用的种类不均 12

（二）自然材料运用的方式玩法单一 12

（三）自然材料更换频率低 13

（四）幼儿自主参与自然材料的美术活动时间短 13

四、自然材料在运用中存在问题的解决策略 14

（一）多维度、多种形式灵活利用材料 14