摘要：为了探究初中生社会比较倾向、自尊与主观幸福感的关系，以社会比较倾向量表、自尊量表和青少年主观幸福感量表为研究工具，对两所初中学校的325名初中生进行问卷调查。结果显示：当代初中生的社会比较水平、自尊和主观幸福感均处于中等水平；初中生的社会比较倾向在性别和年级方面不存在显著差异；自尊水平在性别和年级上都存在差异；在主观幸福感中，除了友谊满意度在性别上存在差异外，其余在性别上均不存在差异，在年级上只有友谊满意度和负性情绪存在显著差异；初中生社会比较倾向、自尊和主观幸福感三者之间存在显著相关；自尊在社会比较倾向与主观幸福感之间具有显著的中介效应。

关键词：初中生；社会比较倾向；自尊；主观幸福感

Study on The Relationship between Social Comparison Orientation, Self-esteem and Subjective Well-being of Junior Middle School Students.

Abstract: In order to explore the relationship between social comparison orientation, self-esteem and subjective well-being of junior high school students, to INCOM, SES and Adolescent Subjective Well-being Scale as a research tool, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 325 students from two junior middle schools. The results show that: the contemporary social comparison level, Self-esteem and subjective well-being in junior middle school students are at medium level. There was no significant difference in gender and grade of junior middle school students in social comparison orientation. There was significant difference in gender and grade of junior middle school students in self-esteem; In subjective well-being, in addition to friendship satisfaction on gender differences, the rest were no differences in gender; There was significant differences in grade only friendship satisfaction and negative emotions. There is a significant correlation among social comparison orientation, self-esteem and subjective well-being of junior middle school students. Self-esteem has a significant mediating effect between social comparison orientation and subjective well-being.

Key words: Junior middle school students; Social comparison orientation; Self-esteem; Subjective well-being

目  录

摘要 1

关键词 1

Abstract 1

1引言 2

2研究设计 3

2.1研究对象及方法 3

2.2研究工具 3

2.3数据处理 4

3研究结果 4

3.1初中生社会比较倾向、自尊与主观幸福感的描述统计结果 4

3.2初中生社会比较倾向、自尊与主观幸福感在人口学变量上的差异 5

3.3初中生社会比较倾向、自尊和主观幸福感的相关分析 8

3.4初中生自尊在社会比较倾向和主观幸福感之间中介效应 8

4分析讨论 10

4.1性别差异分析 10

4.2年级差异分析 10

4.3初中生社会比较倾向、自尊和主观幸福感的关系分析 11

5结论 11

参考文献 13

附录 14

致谢 16

初中生社会比较倾向、自尊与主观幸福感的关系研究

1引言

随着社会经济的快速发展，人们在提高自身的物质生活水平的同时，也更加注重自身的心理健康水平，从而也促进了积极心理学的发展。其中主观幸福感作为积极心理学的重要研究内容，也越来越受到心理学研究者的关注。而青少年正处于由童年向成年过渡的时期，在这一时期，其生理和心理都发生了巨大的变化，这也导致了人们对其幸福感的重视。

社会比较最早由Festinger提出，指个体把自己的观点和能力与他人进行比较，从而对自己的能力、行为水平及行为结果做出全面评价的过程。社会比较理论认为，主观幸福感的高低往往是个体进行社会比较的结果。社会比较的内容很广泛，有关人的各个方面，包括身体健康状况、学业成绩、情感、能力等。有研究表明：与比自己优秀的人进行比较会对个体产生消极影响，从而降低幸福感。相反，则会提高[1]。