摘    要：中考对于每一个初中生来说十分重要，杭州市学生的中考决定着他能否进入一个好的高中学习，从某种意义上可以这样说中考决定着一个人高中三年的发展，一定条件下决定他未来的发展。数学的成绩又十分影响着中考的成绩，所以如何在数学中考中不失分显得尤为重要，那也是杭州市中考学生家长们十分在意的。同时二次函数是初中“数与代数”知识点中的最后一种函数，难度大，灵活性高，它不仅是初中代数内容的引申，也是学习高中圆锥曲线等知识的基础，所以它在初中数学中考中是不可忽略的考点。

二次函数这一知识点可以单独考，也可以和其他的几何与图形、统计和概率等综合起来考察，灵活性大，很容易造成失分。本文以杭州市近几年的中考数学试卷为基础，分析、研究命题者在二次函数的题型应用中出题意图以及设置难点的常见手法及技巧，对学生在做题中正确解题，破除障碍有着积极的意义，最终起到在中考中不失分，得高分的目的。[3]所以在这种背景下，研究杭州市中考中的二次函数显得尤为重要。

The senior high school entrance examination is very important for every junior middle school student. The senior school entrance examination for the students of Hangzhou determines whether he or she can enter a good high school or not. In a sense, it can be said that the entrance examination determines the development of a person in junior school for three years, and determines his future development. The mathematics scores have a great influence on the result of the senior high school entrance examination. Therefore, how to achieve an ideal result in the mathematics exam is very important. This is what the parents of the students in Hangzhou are very concerned about. At the same time, quadratic function is the last function in the knowledge point of “Number and Algebra” in junior high school, which is difficult and flexible. Quadratic function is not only the extension of algebra, but also the basis for learning the knowledge of conic curve in high school. Therefore, quadratic function is not to be ignored in the mathematics of the senior high school entrance examination.

Quadratic function can be examined separately, or it can be combined with geometry, statistics and probability. It is flexible, and it is easy to lose points. Based on the mathematics examination in recent years in Hangzhou, this paper analyzes and studies the intentions of testing designer in the application of quadratic function, and the common techniques for setting difficulties. It has positive significance for students to solve problems correctly and break down obstacles, and it ultimately serves the purpose of scoring high points in the exam. Therefore, in this context, it is particularly important to study quadratic function in the senior high school entrance examination in Hangzhou.

关键词：杭州市；中考试题；二次函数；研究

Keywood：Hangzhou； the senior school entrance examination；quadratic function；research

目   录

前言： 4

1、杭州数学中考卷中关于二次函数的逐年变化（纵向） 5

1.1 题型的变化 5

1.2 知识点的变化 5

1.2.1 各题涉及的知识点 5

1.2.2 各年关于二次函数分值的分布 6

1.3 难易程度的变化 6

2、 杭州市中考试题中二次函数涉及的考点问题结合实例分析得到相应的解题方法（横向） 6

2.1二次函数作为单独的知识点命题 7

2.2二次函数与其他知识点综合命题 8

2.21与“图形与几何”知识点结合 8

2.22与其他“数与代数”中知识点结合 10

3、 杭州市中考试题中对二次函数命题的方向预测 12

4、对杭州市考生对于二次函数的复习建议 13

参考文献 13

致    谢 14

前言：